ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ
Óàқûò áîéûíøà á³ð³çä³ë³êïåí êåçåêòåñ³ï êåëåò³í àғçàíûң қàíäàé äà á³ð æàғäàéûí àòàңûç: áèîëîãèÿëûқ ûðғàқ
Óñòèöåë³ê òðàíñïèðàöèÿ íåøå êåçåңíåí òұðàäû: 2
Óñòüèöàëûқ òðàíñïèðàöèÿ íåøå ñàòûäàí òұðàäû: 3
ҰҰҰҰҰҰҰҰҰҰҰҰҰ
Ұçàқ êүíä³ê өñ³ìä³êòåðä³ң æàïûðàқòàðûíäà ïàéäà áîëàòûí çàò: ãèááåðèëëèí
Ұëïà íåìåñå ìүøå êëåòêàëàðûíûң á³ð òұòàñ öèòîïëàçìàëûқ æүéåñ³ қàëàé àòàëàäû: ñèìïëàñò
Ұëïàäàғû æәíå ìүøåëåðäåã³ êëåòêà қàáûқòàðû өçàðà ұøòàñûï á³ðòұòàñ æүéå құðàóûí қàëàé àòàéìûç: àïîïëàñò
ÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔ
Ôåðìåíòòåðä³ң қàòûñûìåí ãëþêîçàíûң òîòûғà îòûðûï ûäûðàóû: ãëèêîëèç
Ôåðìåíòò³ê ðåàêöèÿëàðûíûң á³ð ³çä³ë³ã³í қàìòèòûí æәíå æàðûқòû қàæåò åòïåéò³í êåçåң қàëàé àòàëàäû:ôî òîñèíòåçä³ң қàðàңғûëûқ ñàòûñû
Ôåðìåíòò³ң әñåð³íåí ÀÒÔ ûäûðàï, қàíäàé çàòòàðғà àéíàëàäû: ÀÄÔ æәíå ìèíåðàëäûқ ôîñôîðғà
Ôèêîýðèòðèíäåðä³ң åң æîғàðû ñ³ң³ðó àéìàғû: 540-570 íì
Ôëîýìà àðқûëû òàñûìàëäàíüàéäû çàò: êàëüöèé æәíå áîð
Ôîñôîðëû òûңàéòқûøòàðäûң әñåð³íåí àñòûқ äàқûëäàð қàíøà êүíäå àðòûқ ï³ñ³ï æåò³ëåä³: 5-7 êүí
Ôîòîïåðèîä æәíå ôîòîïåðèîäèçì äåãåí ұғûìäàðäû åíã³çãåí Àìåðèêàíûң ôèçèîëîãòàðû: Ó.Ãàðíåð, À.Àëëàðä
Ôîòîñèíòåç áàñòàëûñûìåí-àқ àññèìèëÿòòàð öèòîïëàçìàғà àóûñàäû. Îíûң ³ø³íäå қàíäàé қûøқûëäàð áîëàäû: áàðëûқ æàóàï äұðûñ
Ôîòîñèíòåç äåãåí òåðìèí ғûëûìғà қàé æûëû åíä³: 1877 æ
Ôîòîñèíòåç êåç³íäå õëîðîïëàñòàðäà åң àëғàø ïàéäà áîëàòûí îðãàíèêàëûқ çàòòàð: àññèìèëÿòòàð
Ôîòîñèíòåç ïðîöåñ³ æàç àéûíäà қàëàé æүðåä³: æîғàðû
Ôîòîñèíòåç ïðîöåñ³ êåç³íäå ñûðòòàí åíãåí ÑÎ2 қàíäàé қîñûíäû ìåí әðåêåòòåñêåíäå, íәòåæåñ³íäå ôîñôîãëèöèðèí қûøқûëû òүç³ëåä³: ðèáîçîäèôîñôàò
Ôîòîñèíòåç ïðîöåñ³ êөêòåì àéûíäà қàëàé æүðåä³: áàÿó
Ôîòîñèíòåç ïðîöåñ³ қàé ғàñûðäà àøûëäû: XVIII ғ
Ôîòîñèíòåç ïðîöåñ³íäå 1ò êөì³ðқûøқûë ãàçû áөë³íãåíäå қàíøà îòòåã³ áөë³í³ï øûғàäû: 2,7ò
Ôîòîñèíòåç ïðîöåñ³íäå èãåð³ëãåí êөì³ð қûøқûë ãàçûíûң өñ³ìä³êòå îðãàíèêàëûқ çàò құðàëóғà íәòåæåë³ æұìñàëóû: ôîòîñèíòåçä³ң íәòåæåë³ê êîýôôèöèåíò³
Ôîòîñèíòåç ïðîöåñ³íäå ïàéäàëàíûëàòûí ýíåðãèÿ ìөëøåð³: 40*1012ÂÒ
Ôîòîñèíòåç ïðîöåñ³íäå ýëåêòðîíäàð äîíîðû áîëñà, àë òûíûñ àëóäà қàíäàé ðåàêöèÿëàð қàòûñàäû: òîòûғó-òîòûқñûçäàíó
Ôîòîñèíòåç ïðîöåñ³íå ò³êåëåé қàòûñàòûí ïèãìåíò: õëîðîôèëë
Ôîòîñèíòåç òåðìèí³ òұңғûø ðåò қàé æûëû ïàéäà áîëäû: 1877 æûëû
Ôîòîñèíòåç ýíåðãèÿñû íåøå êåçåңíåí òұðàäû: 3
Ôîòîñèíòåçãå әðòүðë³ ñәóëåëåðä³ң әñåð³í çåðòòåãåí àғûëøûí ғàëûìû: Äîáåíèí(1836)
Ôîòîñèíòåçãå әñåð åòåò³í ñûðòқû æàғäàéëàðäûң ³ø³íäå åң ìàңûçäûñû íå áîëûï åñåïòåëåä³: Æàðûқ
Ôîòîñèíòåçãå қàá³ëåòñ³ç өñ³ìä³ê ìүøåëåð³: áàðëûқ æàóàï äұðûñ
Ôîòîñèíòåçäåã³ әðòүðë³ ñәóëåëåðä³ң әñåð³í çåðòòåãåí ғàëûì: Äîáåíè (1836)
Ôîòîñèíòåçäåã³ åê³ ñàòûëû, қîñ êâàíòòû ôîòîõèìèÿëûқ ïðîöåñò³ æүçåãå àñûðàòûí æүéå. Құðàìûíäà õëîðîôèëë à683, àçäàғàí õëîðîôèëë b,b700 ïèãìåíò³ æәíå êàðîòèíîèä ïèãìåíòòåð³ áàð æүéå. Áұë ôîòî-æүéåäå ôåððîäîêñèí ìåí íèêîòèíàìèääèíóêëåîòèäôîñôàò òîòûқñûçäàíàäû. Áұë òîòûқñûçäàíàòûí æүéåí³ қàëàé àòàéìûç: ôîòîæүéå I
Ôîòîñèíòåçäåã³ åê³ ñàòûëû, қîñ êâàíòòû ôîòîõèìèÿëûқ ïðîöåñò³ æүçåãå àñûðàòûí åê³íø³ æүéå. Құðàìûíäà õëîðîôèëëä³ң à678 òүð³, b æәíå êàðîòèíîèäòàð áàð. Áұë æүéåäå ñóäûң ôîòîñèíòåçä³ê òîòûғó ïðîöåñ³ өòåä³. Áұë æүéåí³ қàëàé àòàéìûç: ôîòîæүéå II
Ôîòîñèíòåçä³ң Ñ4-æîëû äåï àòàëàòûí áàғûòû қàé àéìàқòàðäà өñ³ï-өíåò³í өñ³ìä³êòåðãå áàéëàíûñòû: òðîïèêàëûқ áåëäåó
Ôîòîñèíòåçä³ң ôîòîõèìèÿëûқ ðåàêöèàëàðûíûң íåã³çã³ çàңäûëûқòàðûíà àðíàëғàí çåðòòåóëåð қàé æûëäàðû қàðқûíäû äàìûäû: 1950-1960
Ôîòîñèíòåçä³ң æàðûқ ñàòûñûíûң ñîíғû өí³ì³íå íå æàòàäû: ÀÒÔ, ÍÀÄÔÍ
Ôîòîñèíòåçä³ң қàðàңғû ñàòûäà өòåò³í öèêëûí қàëàé àòàéìûç: êàëüâèí öèêë³
Ôîòîñèíòåçä³ң қàðàңғû ôàçàñû қàíøà êåçåңäå æүðåä³: 3
Ôîòîñèíòåçä³ң Ñ3-æîë äåï àòàëóûíûң ñåáåá³: қîңûðæàé àéìàғûíäà өñåò³í өñ³ä³êòåðãå áàéëàíûñòû
Ôîòîñèíòåçä³ң òåê æàðûқòà ғàíà өòå àëàòûí ôîòîôèçèêàëûқ æәíå ôîòîõèìèÿëûқ áàñòàïқû êåçåңäåð: ôîòîñèíòåçä³ң æàðûқ ñàòûñû
Ôîòîòðîïèçì äåãåí³ì³ç íå: Æàðûққà қàòûñòû áұðûëóû
Ôîòñèíòåçä³ң қàðàңғû ôàçàñûíûң 1-ø³ êåçåң³ қàëàé àòàëàäû: êîðáîêñèëüäåíó êåçåң³
Ôîòñèíòåçä³ң қàðàңғû ôàçàñûíûң 2-ø³ êåçåң³ қàëàé àòàëàäû: òîòûқñûäàíó êåçåí³
Ôîòñèíòåçä³ң қàðàңғû ôàçàñûíûң 3-ø³ êåçåң³ қàëàé àòàëàäû: ðåãåíåðàöèÿ êåçåң³
Ôðàíöóç ôèçèîëîã³ Ã. Äþòðîøå 1826 æûëû æàñàíäà îñìîìåòð àðқûëû қàé құáûëûñòû çåðòòåä³: îñìîñ
Ôðóêòîçà-1,6-äèôîñôàò àëüäîëàçà ôåðìåíò³í³ң әñåð³íåí åê³ òðèîçàғà ûäûðàóûíûң íәòèæåñ³íäå ïàéäà áîëàòûíû: ôîñôîäèîêñèàöåòîí, ôîñôîãëèöåðèí àëüäåãèä³
Ôóìàð қûøқûëû ôóìàðàçà ôåðìåíò³í³ң әñåð³íåí ñó ìîëåêóëàñûí қîñûï, қàíäàé қûøқûëғà àéíàëàäû: àëìà қûøқûëû
ÕÕÕÕÕÕÕÕÕÕÕÕ
Õåëàòòàð äåãåí³ì³ç: құðàìûíäà ìåòàëû áàð îðãàíèêàëûқ қîñûíäûëàð
Õèìèÿëûқ құðàìûíà áàéëàíûñòû êàðîòèíîèäòàð åê³ òîïқà áөë³íåä³: îòòåêò³ æәíå îòòåêñ³ç
Õèìèÿëûқ òåã³ æàғûíàí ïîëèèçîïðåíîèäòàð êàñûíäàғû,èçîïðåí òóûíäûëàðû áîëûï åñåïòåëåò³í áұë ïèãìåíòòåð ñàðғûø-қûçûë òүñò³ áàðëûқ өñ³ìä³êòåðä³ң õëîðîïëàñòàðûíäà êåçäåñåä³ :êàðîòèíîèä
Õëîðàïëàñòûң æåêåëåãåí áөë³êòåð³ àðқûëû æүçåãå àñàòûí íåã³çã³ ôîòîñèíòåçä³ê ïðîöåñòåðãå íå æàòàäû: áàðëûқ æàóàï äұðûñ
Õëîðîïëàñòàð ïèãìåíòòåð қàíäàé åê³ òîïқà áөë³íåä³: õëîðîôèëäåð, êàðîòèíîèäòàð
Õëîðîïëàñòàðäàғû æàðûқ ýíåðãèÿñûíûң ÀÒÔ құðàìûíäàғû ìàêðîýðãò³ê áàéëàíûñ êүé³íå өòó³í қàëàé àòàéìûç: ôîòîñèíòåçä³ê ôîñôîðëàíó
Õëîðîïëàñòòàð қàíäàé òүñ áåðåä³: æàñûë
Õëîðîïëàñòòàðäûң құðàìûíäà қàé ïèãìåíò êөï áîëғàíäà, îíäà ôîòîñèíòåç ïðîöåñ³ æүðåä³: õëîðîôèëë
Õëîðîïëàñòòàðäûң құðàìûíäà îëàðғà æàñûë òүñ áåðåò³í ïèãìåíò: õëîðîôèëë
Õëîðîïëàñòûң åê³ қàáàòòû ìåìáðàíàñû қàëàé àòàëàäû: ñòðîìà
Õëîðîôèëãå ñ³ң³ðãåí êүí ñәóëåñ³í³ң ýíåðãèÿñû á³ðò³íäåï қàé çàòқà àéíàëàäû, ÿғíè ôîòîñèíòåòèêàëûқ ôîñôîðëàíó áîëàäû: ÀÒÔ-қà
Õëîðîôèëäåð қàíäàé ñәóëåëåðä³ íàøàð ñ³ң³ðåä³: қûçғûëò ñàðû æәíå ñàðû
Õëîðîôèëäåðä³ң íåã³çã³ қàñèåòòåð³í³ң á³ð³íå îëàðäûң қàíäàé құáûëûñûíà қàá³ëåòò³ë³ã³ æàòàäû: ôëóîðåñöåíöèÿ
Õëîðîôèëä³ң ê³øêåíå ғàíà ìөëøåð³í á³ð òàìøû ýôèðìåí á³ðãå ñóғà òàìûçñà, îñûíäàé үëã³í³ң áàñқà òүð³ қàíäàé қàáûðøàқ ïàéäà áîëàäû: ìîíîìîëåêóëàëûқ
Õëîðîôèëä³ң ìîëåêóëàëûқ құðûëûìûíäà ìûíà ýëåìåíò òàïøû áîëñà æàñûë ïèãìåíòòåð ñèíòåç³ òîқòàï, õëîðîïëàñòàð құðûëûñû áұçûëàäû: ìàãíèé
Õëîðîôèëë àðқûëû èãåð³ëãåí æàðûқ ýíåðãèÿñû æәðäåì³ìåí àíîðãàíèêàëûқ çàòòàðäàí îðãàíèêàëûқ çàòòàð ñèíòåçäåëåò³í òîòûғó-òîòûқñûçäàíó ðåàêöèÿñû: ôîòîñèíòåç
Õëîðîôèëë ìîëåêóëàñûíûң á³ðò³íäåï ûäûðàóû íәòèæåñ³íäå òүç³ëåò³í çàò: ïàðôèðèí
Õëîðîôèëë ñàқèíàñû íåøå ïèððîë ñàқèíàñûíàí òүðàäû: òөðò
Õëîðîôèëëäåð íåã³ç³íåí îðãàíèêàëûқ åð³òê³øòåðäå åðèä³, îëàð: áàðëûқ æàóàï äұðûñ
Õðîìîãåíäåðä³ òîòûқòûðûï, ïèãìåíòòåðãå àéíàëäûðó ðîë³í àòқàðàòûíäàð: îòòåã³í³ң ìîëåêóëàñû
Õðîìîïëàñòòàð қàé æåðëåðäå êåçäåñåä³: æåì³ñòå, òàìûðäà
Õðîìîïëàñòòàð қàíäàé òүñ áåðåä³: қûçûë
ÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖ
Öèêëä³ æәíå öèêëñ³ç ôîòîñèíòåòèêàëûқ ôîñôîðëàíó íәòèæåñ³íäå òүç³ëåä³: ÍÀÄÔÍ
Öèòîïëàçìàäàғû ñóäûң ìөëøåð³ êëåòêà қàáûғûíà қàðàғàíäà êөá³ðåê öèòîïëàçìà ñàëìàғûíûң íåøå ïàéûçûíà äåé³í æåòó³ ìүìê³í: 95 %
ØØØØØØØØØ
Ø. Ñåíåáüå қàíäàé ãàç áàð æåðäå ғàíà ôîòîñèíòåç ïðîöåñ³ æүðåò³í³í äәëåëäåä³: êөì³ðқûøқûë
Øөï, àғàø æәíå áұòà òåêòåñ өñ³ìä³êòåðäå қàëòàëû ñàңûðàóқұëàқòàðäûң әñåð³íåí ïàéäà áîëàòûí àóðóëàðäû àòàңûç: àíòðàêèîç
سðíåë³êòåð íå áөëåä³: қàíò
ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ
Ûñòûққà өòå òөç³ìä³ æàñàңøөïòåð қàíøà ãðàäóñ ûñòûққà øûäàé àëàäû: +48,5-54,5 0Ñ
ÝÝÝÝÝÝÝÝÝÝÝÝ
Ýâãàëîôèòòåð äåãåí³ì³ç: òұç æèíàқòàóøû ãàëîôèòòåð
Ýëåêòðîíäàð ìåí ïðîòîíäàðäûң ìîëåêóëàëûқ îòòåã³íå òàñûìàëäàíó ðåàêöèÿñûí êàòàëèçäåéò³í³: ïîëèôåíîëîêñèäàçà
Ýëåêòðîíäàð өç ò³çáåã³ìåí òөìåí æûëæûï ò³çáåêò³ң ñîңûíà äåé³í æåò³ï, ÀÒÔ ñèíòåçäåï ÍÀÄÔ-òû òîòûқñûçäàíäûðó äåңãåé³íå êөòåð³ëó ïðîöåñ³: ² ôîòîæүé
Ýëåêòðîíäàðäû òîòûғàòûí çàòòàí àëûï, òåê îòòåã³íå ғàíà òàñóøû àýðîáòû äåãèäðîãåíàçàëàð: îêñèäàçàëàð
Ýëåêòðîíäàðäû ôëàâîïðîòåèíäåðäåí ìîëåêóëàëûқ îòòåã³íå æåòê³çåò³í æүéå: öèòîõðîìäûқ æүéå
Ýëåêòðîíäàðäûң áөë³íó³íå áàéëàíûñòû òîòûғóäûң æîëäàðûí êөðñåò³ң³ç: áàðëûғû äұðûñ
Ýëåêòðîíäûқ қîçó ýíåðãèÿñûí ïàéäàëàíóғà áàéëàíûñòû õèìèÿëûқ ïðîöåñòåð өòåò³í êåçåң: ôîòîñèíòåçä³ң ôîòîõèìèÿëûқ êåçåң³
Ýíåðãèÿíû òүðë³øå ìөëøåðäå áîëàòûí ôîòîíäàð àғûíû: ýëåêòðîìàãíèòò³ê ñәóëåëåíó
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Äàòà äîáàâëåíèÿ: 2015-12-15 | Ïðîñìîòðû: 1410 | Íàðóøåíèå àâòîðñêèõ ïðàâ
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