ÀêóøåðñòâîÀíàòîìèÿÀíåñòåçèîëîãèÿÂàêöèíîïðîôèëàêòèêàÂàëåîëîãèÿÂåòåðèíàðèÿÃèãèåíàÇàáîëåâàíèÿÈììóíîëîãèÿÊàðäèîëîãèÿÍåâðîëîãèÿÍåôðîëîãèÿÎíêîëîãèÿÎòîðèíîëàðèíãîëîãèÿÎôòàëüìîëîãèÿÏàðàçèòîëîãèÿÏåäèàòðèÿÏåðâàÿ ïîìîùüÏñèõèàòðèÿÏóëüìîíîëîãèÿÐåàíèìàöèÿÐåâìàòîëîãèÿÑòîìàòîëîãèÿÒåðàïèÿÒîêñèêîëîãèÿÒðàâìàòîëîãèÿÓðîëîãèÿÔàðìàêîëîãèÿÔàðìàöåâòèêàÔèçèîòåðàïèÿÔòèçèàòðèÿÕèðóðãèÿÝíäîêðèíîëîãèÿÝïèäåìèîëîãèÿ

ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ

Óàқûò áîéûíøà á³ð³çä³ë³êïåí êåçåêòåñ³ï êåëåò³í àғçàíûң қàíäàé äà á³ð æàғäàéûí àòàңûç: áèîëîãèÿëûқ ûðғàқ

Óñòèöåë³ê òðàíñïèðàöèÿ íåøå êåçåңíåí òұðàäû: 2

Óñòüèöàëûқ òðàíñïèðàöèÿ íåøå ñàòûäàí òұðàäû: 3

ҰҰҰҰҰҰҰҰҰҰҰҰҰ

Ұçàқ êүíä³ê өñ³ìä³êòåðä³ң æàïûðàқòàðûíäà ïàéäà áîëàòûí çàò: ãèááåðèëëèí

Ұëïà íåìåñå ìүøå êëåòêàëàðûíûң á³ð òұòàñ öèòîïëàçìàëûқ æүéåñ³ қàëàé àòàëàäû: ñèìïëàñò

Ұëïàäàғû æәíå ìүøåëåðäåã³ êëåòêà қàáûқòàðû өçàðà ұøòàñûï á³ðòұòàñ æүéå құðàóûí қàëàé àòàéìûç: àïîïëàñò

ÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔ

Ôåðìåíòòåðä³ң қàòûñûìåí ãëþêîçàíûң òîòûғà îòûðûï ûäûðàóû: ãëèêîëèç

Ôåðìåíòò³ê ðåàêöèÿëàðûíûң á³ð ³çä³ë³ã³í қàìòèòûí æәíå æàðûқòû қàæåò åòïåéò³í êåçåң қàëàé àòàëàäû:ôî òîñèíòåçä³ң қàðàңғûëûқ ñàòûñû

Ôåðìåíòò³ң әñåð³íåí ÀÒÔ ûäûðàï, қàíäàé çàòòàðғà àéíàëàäû: ÀÄÔ æәíå ìèíåðàëäûқ ôîñôîðғà

Ôèêîýðèòðèíäåðä³ң åң æîғàðû ñ³ң³ðó àéìàғû: 540-570 íì

Ôëîýìà àðқûëû òàñûìàëäàíüàéäû çàò: êàëüöèé æәíå áîð

Ôîñôîðëû òûңàéòқûøòàðäûң әñåð³íåí àñòûқ äàқûëäàð қàíøà êүíäå àðòûқ ï³ñ³ï æåò³ëåä³: 5-7 êүí

Ôîòîïåðèîä æәíå ôîòîïåðèîäèçì äåãåí ұғûìäàðäû åíã³çãåí Àìåðèêàíûң ôèçèîëîãòàðû: Ó.Ãàðíåð, À.Àëëàðä

Ôîòîñèíòåç áàñòàëûñûìåí-àқ àññèìèëÿòòàð öèòîïëàçìàғà àóûñàäû. Îíûң ³ø³íäå қàíäàé қûøқûëäàð áîëàäû: áàðëûқ æàóàï äұðûñ

Ôîòîñèíòåç äåãåí òåðìèí ғûëûìғà қàé æûëû åíä³: 1877 æ

Ôîòîñèíòåç êåç³íäå õëîðîïëàñòàðäà åң àëғàø ïàéäà áîëàòûí îðãàíèêàëûқ çàòòàð: àññèìèëÿòòàð

Ôîòîñèíòåç ïðîöåñ³ æàç àéûíäà қàëàé æүðåä³: æîғàðû

Ôîòîñèíòåç ïðîöåñ³ êåç³íäå ñûðòòàí åíãåí ÑÎ2 қàíäàé қîñûíäû ìåí әðåêåòòåñêåíäå, íәòåæåñ³íäå ôîñôîãëèöèðèí қûøқûëû òүç³ëåä³: ðèáîçîäèôîñôàò

Ôîòîñèíòåç ïðîöåñ³ êөêòåì àéûíäà қàëàé æүðåä³: áàÿó

Ôîòîñèíòåç ïðîöåñ³ қàé ғàñûðäà àøûëäû: XVIII ғ

Ôîòîñèíòåç ïðîöåñ³íäå 1ò êөì³ðқûøқûë ãàçû áөë³íãåíäå қàíøà îòòåã³ áөë³í³ï øûғàäû: 2,7ò

Ôîòîñèíòåç ïðîöåñ³íäå èãåð³ëãåí êөì³ð қûøқûë ãàçûíûң өñ³ìä³êòå îðãàíèêàëûқ çàò құðàëóғà íәòåæåë³ æұìñàëóû: ôîòîñèíòåçä³ң íәòåæåë³ê êîýôôèöèåíò³

Ôîòîñèíòåç ïðîöåñ³íäå ïàéäàëàíûëàòûí ýíåðãèÿ ìөëøåð³: 40*1012ÂÒ

Ôîòîñèíòåç ïðîöåñ³íäå ýëåêòðîíäàð äîíîðû áîëñà, àë òûíûñ àëóäà қàíäàé ðåàêöèÿëàð қàòûñàäû: òîòûғó-òîòûқñûçäàíó

Ôîòîñèíòåç ïðîöåñ³íå ò³êåëåé қàòûñàòûí ïèãìåíò: õëîðîôèëë

Ôîòîñèíòåç òåðìèí³ òұңғûø ðåò қàé æûëû ïàéäà áîëäû: 1877 æûëû

Ôîòîñèíòåç ýíåðãèÿñû íåøå êåçåңíåí òұðàäû: 3

Ôîòîñèíòåçãå әðòүðë³ ñәóëåëåðä³ң әñåð³í çåðòòåãåí àғûëøûí ғàëûìû: Äîáåíèí(1836)

Ôîòîñèíòåçãå әñåð åòåò³í ñûðòқû æàғäàéëàðäûң ³ø³íäå åң ìàңûçäûñû íå áîëûï åñåïòåëåä³: Æàðûқ

Ôîòîñèíòåçãå қàá³ëåòñ³ç өñ³ìä³ê ìүøåëåð³: áàðëûқ æàóàï äұðûñ

Ôîòîñèíòåçäåã³ әðòүðë³ ñәóëåëåðä³ң әñåð³í çåðòòåãåí ғàëûì: Äîáåíè (1836)

Ôîòîñèíòåçäåã³ åê³ ñàòûëû, қîñ êâàíòòû ôîòîõèìèÿëûқ ïðîöåñò³ æүçåãå àñûðàòûí æүéå. Құðàìûíäà õëîðîôèëë à683, àçäàғàí õëîðîôèëë b,b700 ïèãìåíò³ æәíå êàðîòèíîèä ïèãìåíòòåð³ áàð æүéå. Áұë ôîòî-æүéåäå ôåððîäîêñèí ìåí íèêîòèíàìèääèíóêëåîòèäôîñôàò òîòûқñûçäàíàäû. Áұë òîòûқñûçäàíàòûí æүéåí³ қàëàé àòàéìûç: ôîòîæүéå I

Ôîòîñèíòåçäåã³ åê³ ñàòûëû, қîñ êâàíòòû ôîòîõèìèÿëûқ ïðîöåñò³ æүçåãå àñûðàòûí åê³íø³ æүéå. Құðàìûíäà õëîðîôèëëä³ң à678 òүð³, b æәíå êàðîòèíîèäòàð áàð. Áұë æүéåäå ñóäûң ôîòîñèíòåçä³ê òîòûғó ïðîöåñ³ өòåä³. Áұë æүéåí³ қàëàé àòàéìûç: ôîòîæүéå II

Ôîòîñèíòåçä³ң Ñ4-æîëû äåï àòàëàòûí áàғûòû қàé àéìàқòàðäà өñ³ï-өíåò³í өñ³ìä³êòåðãå áàéëàíûñòû: òðîïèêàëûқ áåëäåó

Ôîòîñèíòåçä³ң ôîòîõèìèÿëûқ ðåàêöèàëàðûíûң íåã³çã³ çàңäûëûқòàðûíà àðíàëғàí çåðòòåóëåð қàé æûëäàðû қàðқûíäû äàìûäû: 1950-1960

Ôîòîñèíòåçä³ң æàðûқ ñàòûñûíûң ñîíғû өí³ì³íå íå æàòàäû: ÀÒÔ, ÍÀÄÔÍ

Ôîòîñèíòåçä³ң қàðàңғû ñàòûäà өòåò³í öèêëûí қàëàé àòàéìûç: êàëüâèí öèêë³

Ôîòîñèíòåçä³ң қàðàңғû ôàçàñû қàíøà êåçåңäå æүðåä³: 3

Ôîòîñèíòåçä³ң Ñ3-æîë äåï àòàëóûíûң ñåáåá³: қîңûðæàé àéìàғûíäà өñåò³í өñ³ä³êòåðãå áàéëàíûñòû

Ôîòîñèíòåçä³ң òåê æàðûқòà ғàíà өòå àëàòûí ôîòîôèçèêàëûқ æәíå ôîòîõèìèÿëûқ áàñòàïқû êåçåңäåð: ôîòîñèíòåçä³ң æàðûқ ñàòûñû

Ôîòîòðîïèçì äåãåí³ì³ç íå: Æàðûққà қàòûñòû áұðûëóû

Ôîòñèíòåçä³ң қàðàңғû ôàçàñûíûң 1-ø³ êåçåң³ қàëàé àòàëàäû: êîðáîêñèëüäåíó êåçåң³

Ôîòñèíòåçä³ң қàðàңғû ôàçàñûíûң 2-ø³ êåçåң³ қàëàé àòàëàäû: òîòûқñûäàíó êåçåí³

Ôîòñèíòåçä³ң қàðàңғû ôàçàñûíûң 3-ø³ êåçåң³ қàëàé àòàëàäû: ðåãåíåðàöèÿ êåçåң³

Ôðàíöóç ôèçèîëîã³ Ã. Äþòðîøå 1826 æûëû æàñàíäà îñìîìåòð àðқûëû қàé құáûëûñòû çåðòòåä³: îñìîñ

Ôðóêòîçà-1,6-äèôîñôàò àëüäîëàçà ôåðìåíò³í³ң әñåð³íåí åê³ òðèîçàғà ûäûðàóûíûң íәòèæåñ³íäå ïàéäà áîëàòûíû: ôîñôîäèîêñèàöåòîí, ôîñôîãëèöåðèí àëüäåãèä³

Ôóìàð қûøқûëû ôóìàðàçà ôåðìåíò³í³ң әñåð³íåí ñó ìîëåêóëàñûí қîñûï, қàíäàé қûøқûëғà àéíàëàäû: àëìà қûøқûëû

ÕÕÕÕÕÕÕÕÕÕÕÕ

Õåëàòòàð äåãåí³ì³ç: құðàìûíäà ìåòàëû áàð îðãàíèêàëûқ қîñûíäûëàð

Õèìèÿëûқ құðàìûíà áàéëàíûñòû êàðîòèíîèäòàð åê³ òîïқà áөë³íåä³: îòòåêò³ æәíå îòòåêñ³ç

Õèìèÿëûқ òåã³ æàғûíàí ïîëèèçîïðåíîèäòàð êàñûíäàғû,èçîïðåí òóûíäûëàðû áîëûï åñåïòåëåò³í áұë ïèãìåíòòåð ñàðғûø-қûçûë òүñò³ áàðëûқ өñ³ìä³êòåðä³ң õëîðîïëàñòàðûíäà êåçäåñåä³ :êàðîòèíîèä

Õëîðàïëàñòûң æåêåëåãåí áөë³êòåð³ àðқûëû æүçåãå àñàòûí íåã³çã³ ôîòîñèíòåçä³ê ïðîöåñòåðãå íå æàòàäû: áàðëûқ æàóàï äұðûñ

Õëîðîïëàñòàð ïèãìåíòòåð қàíäàé åê³ òîïқà áөë³íåä³: õëîðîôèëäåð, êàðîòèíîèäòàð

Õëîðîïëàñòàðäàғû æàðûқ ýíåðãèÿñûíûң ÀÒÔ құðàìûíäàғû ìàêðîýðãò³ê áàéëàíûñ êүé³íå өòó³í қàëàé àòàéìûç: ôîòîñèíòåçä³ê ôîñôîðëàíó

Õëîðîïëàñòòàð қàíäàé òүñ áåðåä³: æàñûë

Õëîðîïëàñòòàðäûң құðàìûíäà қàé ïèãìåíò êөï áîëғàíäà, îíäà ôîòîñèíòåç ïðîöåñ³ æүðåä³: õëîðîôèëë

Õëîðîïëàñòòàðäûң құðàìûíäà îëàðғà æàñûë òүñ áåðåò³í ïèãìåíò: õëîðîôèëë

Õëîðîïëàñòûң åê³ қàáàòòû ìåìáðàíàñû қàëàé àòàëàäû: ñòðîìà

Õëîðîôèëãå ñ³ң³ðãåí êүí ñәóëåñ³í³ң ýíåðãèÿñû á³ðò³íäåï қàé çàòқà àéíàëàäû, ÿғíè ôîòîñèíòåòèêàëûқ ôîñôîðëàíó áîëàäû: ÀÒÔ-қà

Õëîðîôèëäåð қàíäàé ñәóëåëåðä³ íàøàð ñ³ң³ðåä³: қûçғûëò ñàðû æәíå ñàðû

Õëîðîôèëäåðä³ң íåã³çã³ қàñèåòòåð³í³ң á³ð³íå îëàðäûң қàíäàé құáûëûñûíà қàá³ëåòò³ë³ã³ æàòàäû: ôëóîðåñöåíöèÿ

Õëîðîôèëä³ң ê³øêåíå ғàíà ìөëøåð³í á³ð òàìøû ýôèðìåí á³ðãå ñóғà òàìûçñà, îñûíäàé үëã³í³ң áàñқà òүð³ қàíäàé қàáûðøàқ ïàéäà áîëàäû: ìîíîìîëåêóëàëûқ

Õëîðîôèëä³ң ìîëåêóëàëûқ құðûëûìûíäà ìûíà ýëåìåíò òàïøû áîëñà æàñûë ïèãìåíòòåð ñèíòåç³ òîқòàï, õëîðîïëàñòàð құðûëûñû áұçûëàäû: ìàãíèé

Õëîðîôèëë àðқûëû èãåð³ëãåí æàðûқ ýíåðãèÿñû æәðäåì³ìåí àíîðãàíèêàëûқ çàòòàðäàí îðãàíèêàëûқ çàòòàð ñèíòåçäåëåò³í òîòûғó-òîòûқñûçäàíó ðåàêöèÿñû: ôîòîñèíòåç

Õëîðîôèëë ìîëåêóëàñûíûң á³ðò³íäåï ûäûðàóû íәòèæåñ³íäå òүç³ëåò³í çàò: ïàðôèðèí

Õëîðîôèëë ñàқèíàñû íåøå ïèððîë ñàқèíàñûíàí òүðàäû: òөðò

Õëîðîôèëëäåð íåã³ç³íåí îðãàíèêàëûқ åð³òê³øòåðäå åðèä³, îëàð: áàðëûқ æàóàï äұðûñ

Õðîìîãåíäåðä³ òîòûқòûðûï, ïèãìåíòòåðãå àéíàëäûðó ðîë³í àòқàðàòûíäàð: îòòåã³í³ң ìîëåêóëàñû

Õðîìîïëàñòòàð қàé æåðëåðäå êåçäåñåä³: æåì³ñòå, òàìûðäà

Õðîìîïëàñòòàð қàíäàé òүñ áåðåä³: қûçûë

ÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖ

Öèêëä³ æәíå öèêëñ³ç ôîòîñèíòåòèêàëûқ ôîñôîðëàíó íәòèæåñ³íäå òүç³ëåä³: ÍÀÄÔÍ

Öèòîïëàçìàäàғû ñóäûң ìөëøåð³ êëåòêà қàáûғûíà қàðàғàíäà êөá³ðåê öèòîïëàçìà ñàëìàғûíûң íåøå ïàéûçûíà äåé³í æåòó³ ìүìê³í: 95 %

ØØØØØØØØØ

Ø. Ñåíåáüå қàíäàé ãàç áàð æåðäå ғàíà ôîòîñèíòåç ïðîöåñ³ æүðåò³í³í äәëåëäåä³: êөì³ðқûøқûë

Øөï, àғàø æәíå áұòà òåêòåñ өñ³ìä³êòåðäå қàëòàëû ñàңûðàóқұëàқòàðäûң әñåð³íåí ïàéäà áîëàòûí àóðóëàðäû àòàңûç: àíòðàêèîç

سðíåë³êòåð íå áөëåä³: қàíò

ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ

Ûñòûққà өòå òөç³ìä³ æàñàңøөïòåð қàíøà ãðàäóñ ûñòûққà øûäàé àëàäû: +48,5-54,5 0Ñ

ÝÝÝÝÝÝÝÝÝÝÝÝ

Ýâãàëîôèòòåð äåãåí³ì³ç: òұç æèíàқòàóøû ãàëîôèòòåð

Ýëåêòðîíäàð ìåí ïðîòîíäàðäûң ìîëåêóëàëûқ îòòåã³íå òàñûìàëäàíó ðåàêöèÿñûí êàòàëèçäåéò³í³: ïîëèôåíîëîêñèäàçà

Ýëåêòðîíäàð өç ò³çáåã³ìåí òөìåí æûëæûï ò³çáåêò³ң ñîңûíà äåé³í æåò³ï, ÀÒÔ ñèíòåçäåï ÍÀÄÔ-òû òîòûқñûçäàíäûðó äåңãåé³íå êөòåð³ëó ïðîöåñ³: ² ôîòîæүé

Ýëåêòðîíäàðäû òîòûғàòûí çàòòàí àëûï, òåê îòòåã³íå ғàíà òàñóøû àýðîáòû äåãèäðîãåíàçàëàð: îêñèäàçàëàð

Ýëåêòðîíäàðäû ôëàâîïðîòåèíäåðäåí ìîëåêóëàëûқ îòòåã³íå æåòê³çåò³í æүéå: öèòîõðîìäûқ æүéå

Ýëåêòðîíäàðäûң áөë³íó³íå áàéëàíûñòû òîòûғóäûң æîëäàðûí êөðñåò³ң³ç: áàðëûғû äұðûñ

Ýëåêòðîíäûқ қîçó ýíåðãèÿñûí ïàéäàëàíóғà áàéëàíûñòû õèìèÿëûқ ïðîöåñòåð өòåò³í êåçåң: ôîòîñèíòåçä³ң ôîòîõèìèÿëûқ êåçåң³

Ýíåðãèÿíû òүðë³øå ìөëøåðäå áîëàòûí ôîòîíäàð àғûíû: ýëåêòðîìàãíèòò³ê ñәóëåëåíó

Ýíåðãèÿñû ìîë қîñûíäûëàðғà æàòàòûíû: ýíîëôîñôàòòàð

Ýíåðãèÿñû òүðë³øå ìөëøåðäå áîëàòûí ôîòîíäàð àғûíû қàëàé àòàëàäû: ýëåêòðîìàãíèòò³ê ñәóëåëåíó

Ýíåðãèÿñû òүðë³øå ìөëøåðäå áîëàòûí ôîòîíäàð àғûíû: ýëåêòðîìàãíèòò³ê ñәóëåëåíó

Ýòèë ýôèð³íäåã³ õëîðîôèë à åðò³íä³ñ³ қàíäàé òүñò³ áîëàäû: áàðëûқ æàóàáû äұðûñ

Ýòèîïëàñòàðäûң ұçûíäûғû: 3ìêì


Äàòà äîáàâëåíèÿ: 2015-12-15 | Ïðîñìîòðû: 1410 | Íàðóøåíèå àâòîðñêèõ ïðàâ







Ïðè èñïîëüçîâàíèè ìàòåðèàëà ññûëêà íà ñàéò medlec.org îáÿçàòåëüíà! (0.008 ñåê.)