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Text G. Prof. Lesgaft's Scientific Research

Professor P.F. Lesgaft was born in 1837. He was a prominent Russian anatomist and a talented teacher. He was the first scientist in our country to work out the science of physical culture. He studied at the Medical Academy. After he graduated from the Academy he worked for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine. This degree was given to him in 1865 and in 1868 he received the Degree of Doctor of Surgery. Then he worked as the Professor of Anatomy at Kazan University. In 1886 he began to deliver lectures in Anatomy in Petersburg.

About 130 scientific works were written by Prof. Lesgaft. Many of them were translated into foreign languages. One of his main works was the book called The Basis of Theoretical Anatomy.

In one of his works which was written in 1892 Prof. Lesgaft divided the muscles into two basic groups — static and dynamic [dai'naemik]. In his work they were called strong, and skilled (ловкие). He determined that the static muscles were connected with large surfaces of the bones far from the point of their origin; they were formed by short bands of muscular fibers; the dynamic muscles were composed of the bands of long muscular fibers.

His studies on static and dynamic muscles were continued by Professor ' A.K. Koveshnikova, who received many interesting findings. In 1954 it was determined by her experiments on animals that static and dynamic muscles were different in the number of nerve fibers and the form of nerve endings.

* Закончите предложения, выбрав необходимые по смыслу ва­рианты:,

1. Lesgaft was a prominent researcher who... (a) studied the structure of the human bones; 6) worked out the science of physical culture; в) was born in the 20th century) 2. Static muscles are... (a) formed by long bands of muscular fibers; 6) the muscles which have a large amplitude of motion; в) connected with large surfaces of the bones) 3. The wide muscle form... (a) the walls of the body cavities; 6) the free parts of the extremities; в) the main parts of the trunk)

Поставьте предложения в Past Indefinite Passive (письменно):

1. On Friday^rof. Smirnov delivered a lecture on the structure of the muscles. 2. During the operation the surgeon introduced an artificial metal

joint. 3. Many scientists studied the tissues, blood vessels and nerves of the muscles.

Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на время глаголов:

1. In the first term medical students are taught basic theoretical subjects. 2. The chest is divided by the breastbone into two parts on each side of which there are seven ribs. 3. Two basic groups of muscles — static and dynamic—were established by Prof. Lesgaft. 4. The name of the great Russian surgeon Pirogov is known not only in our country but in all foreign countries.

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