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Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus

1.Topic vocabulary:

To respond to – реагувати

To result in - приводити

To result from – виникати внаслідок

Subtle – ледь відчутний

To trigger - спонукати

Juvenile - юнацький

To ensure – забезпечувати

2. Give the Ukrainian equivalents:

Insulin deficiency, gestational diabetes, treatable forms, the most common type, glucose absorption, a common complaint, rapid vision changes, inherited diabetes, gradual changes, subtle development, prolonged high blood glucose, suspected cases, to use properly, blurred vision, prescribed therapy, self-glucose monitoring.

3.Read and translate the text:

Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus, often simply diabetes, is a group of metabolic diseases in which a person has high blood sugar, either because the body does not produce enough insulin, or because cells do not respond to the insulin that is produced.

There are three main types of diabetes:

· Type 1 diabetes: results from the body’s failure to produce insulin, and presently requires the person to inject insulin (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM for short, and juvenile diabetes).

· Type 2 diabetes: results from insulin resistance, a condition in which cells fail to use insulin properly, sometimes combined with an absolute insulin deficiency (non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, NIDDM for short, and adult-onset diabetes).

· Gestational diabetes is when pregnant women who have never had diabetes before, have a high blood glucose level during pregnancy. It may precede development of type 2 DM.

The cause of diabetes depends on the type. Type 1 diabetes is partly inherited and then triggered by certain infections. Type 2 diabetes is due primarily to lifestyle factors and genetics.

All forms of diabetes have been treatable since insulin became available in 1921, and type 2 diabetes may be controlled with medications. Both type 1 and 2 are chronic conditions that usually cannot be cured.

At least 171 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes, or 2.8% of the population. Type 2 diabetes is by far the most common, affecting 90 to 95% of diabetes population, for example, in the U.S.

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