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Примечание.
В дополнительных придаточных предложениях, вводимых союзом when, будущее время не заменяется настоящим, как в придаточных предложениях условия и времени. 5) Если прямая речь представляет собой побудительное предложение, то в косвенной речи глагол, стоявший в повелительном наклонении, употребляется в форме инфинитива, причем приказание обычно выражается глаголами to tell, to order, to offer, а просьба - глаголами to ask, to beg, to implore:
Запомните! Кроме изменения формы глагола, в придаточном предложении при обращении прямой речи в косвенную происходит следующая замена наречий места, времени и указательных местоимений:
E X E R C I S E S I. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the sequence of tenses. A 1. He said that his friends lived near the railway station. 2. My friend said he had a good dictionary. 3. They knew that the students were organizing a meeting. 4. Our teacher said that the term "engineering" had many Russian equivalents. 5. The teacher was glad that the students were listening to him so attentively. 6. He was told that his friend was a good driver. 7. I thought you spoke Russian. 8. I knew he was a historical person. 9. I thought the seafront was a long way from the hotel. 10. He said the embankment was worth seeing. 11. I wasn't sure the book was worth reading. 12. The speaker said it was a historic discovery. 13. Did you say it was a historical novel? 14. He asked where he could exchange dollars for the local currency. 15. He said the matter was hardly worth troubling about. 16. The buyers found that the goods met all their requirements. 17. They wrote that they required ten more machines. В 1. I knew that the students had organized a meeting. 2. The students said they had finished all their drawings. 3. He told us that all his drawings had been signed. 4. The teacher wanted to know how many students had joined the English circle. 5. I didn't know Mr Carter had taken over as finance manager. 6. He told us they'd had a very useful exchange of opinions. 7. It was really surprising how the rate of exchange had gone up. C 1. Everybody knew that the project would require a great effort. 2. They wrote that a new stock exchange would be established in the near future. *З. They said the reconstruction would require more time and money if a few changes weren't made in the project. 4. They wrote they would send another fax after they spoke to the representative of the sellers. 5. He was sure the matter would be settled after we had another discussion. 6. They told us they would let us know their decision as soon as their finance director came back from his holiday. 7. They said they wouldn't be able to give a definite answer till they received a telex from their partner.
Согласование времен распространяется и на временное или условное предложение, следующее за дополнительным придаточным.
II. Use the verb in brackets in the correct tense form. 1. I thought that you (to arrive) at some decision. 2. We didn’t remember that he (to repeat) that speech from memory. 3. He believed that a fine memory (to be) absolutely necessary for that post. 4. He promised that he (to give) a lecture in the near future. 5. We know that you (to come) with excellent recommendations. 6. We agreed that the goods (to be packed) in wooden boxes. 7. The director hoped the film (to be) a success. 8. I wasn’t sure I (to get through – дозвониться) to them at once. 9. She thought we (to wait) for her. 10. He said he always (to remember) his first day at the University. 11. He told me that we (to install) a new computer of the latest model on the following day. 12. I thought I (to achieve) good results if up-to-date techniques were used. 13. He said the purpose of his visit (to be) to talk about cultural exchanges for the next few years. 14. They were told the experiment (to begin) if nothing changed. III. Translate into English. 1. Я думаю, что это хорошая идея. 2. Я подумал, что это хорошая идея. 3. Мы знаем, что эти культурные связи все еще существуют. 4. Мы знали, что эти культурные связи все еще существуют. 5. Они пишут, что поселились на берегу моря. 6. Они написали, что поселились на берегу моря. 7. Мы знаем, что этот форт все еще существует. 8. Мы знали, что этот форт все еще существует. 9. Он говорит, что строительство потребует много денег? 10. Он сказал, что строительство потребует много денег? 11. Он говорит, что это только предварительное решение. 12. Он сказал, что это только предварительное решение. 13. Он пишет, что у них уже были предварительные обсуждения. 14. Он сказал, что у них уже были предварительные обсуждения. 15. Они пишут, что сравнили результаты и обсудят их в ближайшем будущем. 16. Они написали, что сравнили результаты и обсудят их в ближайшем будущем. 17. Он говорит, что заменит сломанную деталь (part) новой. 18. Он сказал, что заменит сломанную деталь новой. 19. Он надеется, что установит новый мировой рекорд. 20. Он надеялся, что установит новый мировой рекорд. 21. Он был уверен, что они купят эту модель, если цена не будет очень высокой. 22. Он сказал, что мы поговорим об этом, когда он вернется из отпуска. IV. Give the appropriate forms of the verbs instead of the infinitives. A 1. We know that you (to come) with excellent recommendations. 2. We are glad to take this young specialist on as he (to have) some experience in lab techniques. 3. I know this professor quite well, as he (to be) my scientific adviser. 4. Before Erik came to the University, it never (to occur) to him to work in the field of nuclear physics. 5. By the time Haviland arrived at the Foxes' Maxwell (to tell) Erik about Haviland's work in England. 6. "When you arrive I (to take) the regular courses of classical physics and quantum mechanics," said Erik. 7. By the end of the next semester he (to take) his Ph. D. 8. Before Erik arrived at the Foxes' apartment, some members of the staff (to discuss) the schedule of work for all the assistants. В 1. My adviser (to give) me excellent advice and I am going to follow it. 2. Yesterday he (to advise) me to meet the new members of the staff. 3. Last year he (to be) responsible for my undergraduate teaching. 4. By the end of the previous term the students (to master) the necessary lab techniques. 5. To-morrow Professor N. (to give) us a lecture on quantum mechanics. 6. By the time we began to do research we (to master) lab techniques. V. Change the following sentences into indirect speech. A 1. He has just said, “I want to speak to you”. 2. She said, “I have been very ill, but I am feeling much better”. 3. He said, “She is going abroad next month”. 4. Then she added, “I have been waiting for you since two o’clock”. 5. He promised, “I’ll come as soon as I can”. 6. She tried to explain, “I’m afraid I can’t go there now but I’ll probably be able to go there tomorrow”. 7. He said, “We were just discussing the terms of the agreement when the telephone call interrupted us”. 8. He went on insisting, “The counterparts will agree to our new price if we send them a fax immediately”. B 1. He said, “The price must include the cost of packing”. 2. Everybody insisted, “You ought to congratulate your uncle on this occasion”. 3. The coach said to me, “You should wait until the weather changes”. 4. They asked me, “Could you take a message?” 5. Then she added, “I would like to take part in the beauty contest”. Note: При обращении прямой речи в косвенную глагол в придаточных дополнительных предложениях не изменяется: а) если глагол главного предложения стоит в одном из настоящих или будущих времен. We have learned (that) they will come to Moscow soon. b) если глагол в прямой речи стоит в Past Perfect, Past Perfect Continuous или является одним из модальных глаголов: must, could, might, should, would.
c) если в прямой речи указывается точное время совершения действия или общеизвестный факт.
VI. Put the following sentences into indirect speech with the introducing verb in the Past Tense. (Vary the introducing verb). a) He said, told us, stated, declared, etc. 1. I have never been here before. 2. She is sorry he didn’t come yesterday. 3. He will answer the letter when he gets the information. 4. She must go there at once if she still wants to see him. 5. You have been very generous today. 6. I expect to hear some news tomorrow, I’ll tell you if I do. b) He asked, wanted to know, didn’t know, wondered, etc. 1. Is she invited to the party? 2. Do you know when she will arrive in Moscow? 3. Must we be here by six or can we come a bit later? 4. Does the doctor allow you to smoke? 5. Shall we have our meal now? 6. Where shall we meet tonight? 7. Why are you insisting on it? 8. What exhibition did you visit last week? 9. Who must follow these instructions? 10. How can I fasten the belt? 11. Why did you make up your mind to take part in the conference? 12. Will the new project require a great effort if we change the preliminary schedule? VII. Practise the following table. Turn the following direct questions into Indirect Speech.
VIII. Fill in the blanks with prepositions wherever necessary: He asked - who you were looking … - what family she came … IX. Practise sentences below using Indirect Speech and translate each sentence into Russian. A 1. “When must he be back?” I wondered. 2. “How much time is left?” he asked. 3. “Who is the first to speak?” the teacher asked. 4. “How many of you took part in the discussion?” she wanted to know. 5. He asked, “Why can’t a definite answer be given soon?” 6. She tried to find out, “How long will it take you to make preliminary arrangements?” 7. “Which of you would like to join us?” he asked. 8. I was asked, “How far’s the bus stop?” 9. The policeman asked, “What’s the matter?” 10. We asked him, “How did it happen?” 11. The host wondered, “Why are you leaving so soon?” B 1. The manager asked, “Does the appointed time suit everybody?” 2. She asked me, ”Have you been learning English for five years?” 3. I asked a salesman, “Can you guarantee that the computer will be delivered next week?”
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