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Exercise 9. Learn and retell the text

1. Physology has a traditional scientific history.

2. The Greek intellectuals observed and discussed the relationships of man with his environment.

3. Empedocles said that the cosmos consisted of 4 elements: earth, air, fire and water.

4. Plato recognized two classes of phenomena: things and ideas.

5. The giant of thinkers was Aristotle.

6. He said knowledge should be achieved on the basis of observation.

7. During the 15^th and 16^th centuries the scientific knowledge developed greatly.

8. The mind-body problem was very important for the 17^th and 18^th centiries.

9. In1879 Wilhelm Wundt opened the Psychological Institute at the University of Leipzig.

10.Now psychology is a separate discipline which deals with human nature.

Exercise 10. Translate the text in writing:

Psychologists are concerned with a wide variety of problems. Some are of broad concern: what child-rearing methods produce happy and effective adults; how can mental illness be prevented, and the like. Others are more specific: How can people be persuaded to give up smoking? What is the most effective method for teaching children to read? What area of the brain c controls speech?

Present-day psychology is a complex research system which includes general, social, developmental, pedagogical, child, medical and engineering psychology.

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