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PSYCHOLOGICAL PREPAREDNESS OF A FIRE-FIGHTER
The problem of psychological preparedness of firemen is of great importance for practical workers of the fire service. The growth of the industrial potential of the country, especially of the oil, gas, refinery, chemical and other fire-hazardous industries, the growth of cities in height, the use in building houses of new combustible materials – require highly qualified firemen. Psychological preparedness of firemen for work in complex conditions of fire combating and elimination of its consequences is the base of not only effective actions in rescuing people, their property and nature from fire but is the base of safety of firemen themselves. From the very first days of his service a fireman gets psychological and physical training which guarantees his actions in complex and dangerous for his life conditions. The work of a fireman is connected with psychological stress, great physical loads, concentration of attention and many other difficulties. The main stress-factors producing stress in fire fighting are danger to life, shortage of time for making up the correct decision and actions, high temperature, noise, combustion and toxic gases, enclosed space in tunnels, in underground fires etc. So, the presence of stress-factors creates difficulties in the work of firemen, worsens their physical and psychological states and influences their effectiveness to put out a fire. The negative influence of stress-factors is greatly reduced if firemen are psychologically trained for work in complex conditions. Psychological preparedness of a fireman is the correct behaviour in an emergency. Psychological and fire trainings of a fireman is a long process. A fireman trains and improves his classifications during his all career. Only after a long series of trainings a fireman is ready for action in an emergency. Special training methods are worked out to deal with an emergency. They include different games, tests and trainings. Tests are aimed at evaluation of preparedness of a fire-fighter to act in an emergency. A future-to-be fireman passes a medical examination; he must be fit for work. Practical trainings are carried out on training grounds to simulate various accidents and disasters (ruins of multistory buildings, failures of public utilities, fires etc.) Here trainees have practical drills, using the knowledge they got during classes and perfecting their skills. The cadets must feel real psychological stress, danger, rescue, long maximum loads, high speeds. Every fireman must get used to high temperature, smoke, noise and other typical for a real combat conditions. Such disciplines as fire tactics and fire military training also rise psychological training of fire-fighters. Fire tactics is aimed at training of memory, thinking and developing an initiative. Fire military training requires maximum of attention. Psychological preparedness of a fire-fighter together with professional skills allows him to carry out combat missions in fire conditions quickly and skillfully.
Дата добавления: 2015-09-18 | Просмотры: 632 | Нарушение авторских прав |