АкушерствоАнатомияАнестезиологияВакцинопрофилактикаВалеологияВетеринарияГигиенаЗаболеванияИммунологияКардиологияНеврологияНефрологияОнкологияОториноларингологияОфтальмологияПаразитологияПедиатрияПервая помощьПсихиатрияПульмонологияРеанимацияРевматологияСтоматологияТерапияТоксикологияТравматологияУрологияФармакологияФармацевтикаФизиотерапияФтизиатрияХирургияЭндокринологияЭпидемиология

Смысловой модуль 13. Введение в неврологию. Анатомия спинного мозга

Прочитайте:
  1. A) введение антигистаминных препаратов
  2. A) поражение нервных стволов сплетений Б) поражение задних корешков спинного мозга
  3. B) передние рога на уровне поясничного утолщения спинного мозга слева
  4. F07 Расстройства личности и поведения вследствие болезни, повреждения и дисфункции головного мозга
  5. I) Отечественная анатомия Древней Руси
  6. I) Отечественная анатомия Древней Руси
  7. I) Отечественная анатомия Древней Руси
  8. I) Отечественная анатомия Древней Руси
  9. I. Введение в анатомию.
  10. I. Помешательство после повреждения мозга

1.Gibson PG, Powell H, Coughlan J, et al: Limited (information only) patient education programs for adults with asthma (Cochrane Review). In The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2001. Oxford: Update Software.

2.Wagner EH, Glasgow RE, Davis C, et al: Quality improvement in chronic illness care: A collaborative approach. J Qual Improv 27:63-80, 2001.

3.Wagner EH, Austin BT, Davis C, et al: Improving chronic illness care: Translating evidence into action. Health Affairs 20:64-78, 2001.

4.Clark NM, Janz NK, Becker MH, et al: Impact of self-management education on the functional health status of older adults with heart disease. Gerontologist 32:438-443, 1992.

5.Bandura A: Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1986.

6.Bandura A: Self-Efficacy: The Exercise of Control. New York: WH Freeman, 1977.

7.Schunck DJ: Self-efficacy and cognitive achievement: Implications for students with learning problems. J Learn Disabil 22:14-22, 1989.

8.National Asthma Education and Prevention Program, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma, National Institutes of Health Publication No. 97-4051. Bethesda, MD: NHLBI, 1997.

9.Bolton MB, Tilley BC, Kuder J, et al: The cost and effectiveness of an education program for adults who have asthma. J Gen Intern Med 6:401-407, 1991.

10.Clark NM, Feldman CH, Evans D, et al: The impact of health education on frequency and cost of health care use by low income children with asthma. J Allerg Clin Immunol 78:108-115, 1986.

11.Gallefoss F, Bakke PS: Cost-effectiveness of self-management in asthmatics: A 1 year follow-up randomized, controlled trial. Eur Respir J 17:206-213, 2001.

12.Kauppinen R, Sintonene H, Tukiainen H: One-year economic evaluation of intensive vs conventional patient education and supervision for self-management of new asthmatic patients. Respir Med 92:300-307, 1998.

13.Kauppinen R, Sintonen H, Vilkka V, et al: Long-term (3-year) economic evaluation of intensive patient education for self-management during the first year in new asthmatics. Respir Med 93:283-289, 1999.

14.Lahdensuo A, Haahtela T, Herrala J, et al: Randomised comparison of guided self management and traditional treatment of asthma over one year. BMJ 312:748-752, 1996.

15.Carswell F, Robinson EJ, Hek G, et al: A Bristol experience: Benefits and cost of an 'asthma nurse' visiting the homes of asthmatic children. Bristol Med Chir J 104:11-12, 1989.

16.Lahdensuo A, Haahtela T, Herrala J, et al: Randomised comparison of cost effectiveness of guided self management and traditional treatment of asthma in Finland. BMJ 316:1138-1139, 1998.

17.Bailey WC, Richards JM, Brooks CM, et al: A randomised trial to improve self-management practice of adults with asthma. Arch Intern Med 150:1664-1668, 1990.

18.Булкина Л.С., Белевский А.С., Княжеская Н.П., Сосина Е.Е. Результаты обучения больных бронхиальной астмой, находящихся под амбулаторным наблюдением. / Пульмонология, 1996. - 1, с. 28-32.

19.Калиева А.Д., Сенкевич Н.Ю., Бримкулов Н.Н. Оценка Качества Жизни больных бронхиальной астмой. / Международный конгресс Interasthma'98., Москва, 1998. - 1., с.70.

20.Коровина О.В., Собченко С.А. Опыт работы школы для больных бронхиальной астмой. / Пульмонология. - 1991. 3, с. 14 - 19.

21.Невзорова В.А., Пащенко О.П., Кудрявцева В.А., Суровенко Т.Н. Оценка эффективности образовательных программ при бронхиальной астме. / Тезисы докладов 7 Национального конгресса “Человек и лекарство”, Москва 2000г. - с 144.

22.Сенкевич Н.Ю., Белевский А.С., Чучалин А.Г. Оценка влияния образовательных программ в пульмонологии (Астма - школ) на Качество жизни больных бронхиальной астмой (первый опыт применения вопросника SF-36 в пульмонологии). / Пульмонология. 1997, 3, с. 18 - 22.

23.National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: Global Initative for Asthma-revised. National Institutes of Health Publication No. 02-3659. Bethesda, MD: NHLBI, 2002.

24.National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute: National Asthma Education and Prevention Program: Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma-update 2002. J Allerg Clin Immunol 110:S141-S219, 2002.

25.Center for Studying Health System Change (HSC): Community Tracking Study Physician Survey: Tracking Report No. 8, 2001 (www.hschange.org).

26.Aiolfi S, Confalonieri M, Scartabellati A, et al: International guidelines and educational experiences in an out-patient clinic for asthma. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 50:477-481, 1995.

27.Hilton S, Sibbald B, Anderson HR, et al: Controlled evaluation of the effects of patient education on asthma morbidity in general practice. Lancet 1:26-29, 1986.

28.Huss K, Huss RW, Squire EN, et al: Computer education for asthmatics: What effects? J Nurs Care Qual 6:57-66, 1992.

29.Jenkinson D, Davison J, Jones S, et al: Comparison of effects of a self management booklet and audio cassette for patients with asthma. BMJ 297:267-270, 1988.

30.Maiman LA, Green LW, Gibson G, et al: Education for self-treatment by adult asthmatics. JAMA 241:1919-1922, 1979.

31.Moldofsky H, Broder I, Davies G, et al: Videotape educational program for people with asthma. Can Med Assoc J 120:669-672, 1979.

32.Osman LM, Abdalla MI, Beattie JA, et al: Reducing hospital admission through computer supported education for asthma patients: Grampian Asthma Study of Integrated Care (GRASSIC). BMJ 308:568-571, 1994.

33.Ringsberg KC, Wiklund I, Wilhelmsen L: Education of adult patients at an "asthma school": effects on quality of life, knowledge and need for nursing. Eur Respir J 3:33-37, 1990.

34.Sondergaard B, Davidsen F, Kirkeby B, et al: The economics of an intensive education programme for asthmatic patients. Pharmacoeconomics 1:207-212, 1992.

35.Thapar A: Educating asthmatic patients in primary care: A pilot study of small group education. Fam Pract 11:39-43, 1994.

36.Wilson SR, Scamagas P, German OF, et al: A controlled trial of two forms of self-management education for adults with asthma. Am J Med 94:564-576, 1993.

37.Mayo PH, Richman J, Harris HW: Results of a program to reduce admissions for adult asthma. Ann Intern Med 112:864-871, 1990.

38.Yoon R, McKenzie DK, Bauman A, et al: Controlled trial evaluation of an asthma education program for adults. Thorax 48:1110-1116, 1993.

39.George MR, O'Dowd LC, Martin I, et al: A comprehensive educational program improves clinical outcome measures in inner-city patients with asthma. Arch Intern Med 159:1710-1716, 1999.

40.Castro M, Zimmermann NA, Crocker S, et al: Asthma intervention program prevents readmissions in high healthcare utilizers. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 168:1095-1099, 2003.

41.Cowie RL, Revitt SG, Underwood MF, et al: The effect of a peak flow-based action plan in the prevention of exacerbations of asthma. Chest 112:1534-1538, 1997.

42.Garrett J, Fenwick JM, Taylor G, et al: Prospective controlled evaluation of the effect of a community based asthma education center in a multiracial working class neighborhood. Thorax 49:976-983, 1994.

43.Cote J, Cartier A, Robichaud P, et al: Influence on asthma morbidity of asthma education programs based on self-management plans following treatment optimization. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 155:1509-1514, 1997.

44.Allen RM, Jones MP, Oldenburg B: Randomized trial of an asthma self-management programme for adults. Thorax 50:731-738, 1995.

45.Jones KP, Mullee MA, Middleton M, et al: Peak flow based asthma self management: A randomised controlled study in general practice. Thorax 50:851-857, 1995.

46.Guevara JP, Wolf FM, Grum CM, et al: Effects of educational interventions for self management of asthma in children and adolescents: Systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 326:1-6, 2003 (bmj.com).

47.Gibson PG: Monitoring the patient with asthma: An evidence-based approach. J Allergy Clin Immunol 106:17-26, 2000.

48.Ignacio-Garcia JM, Gonzalez-Santos P: Asthma self-management education program by home monitoring of peak expiratory flow. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 151:353-359, 1995.

49.Zeiger RS, Heller S, Mellon MH, et al: Facilitated referral to asthma specialist reduces relapses in asthma emergency room visits. J Allergy Clin Immunol 87:1160-1168, 1991.

50.Gibson PG, Powell H, Coughlan J, et al: Self-management and regular practitioner review for adults with asthma (Cochrane Review). In The Cochrane Library, Issue 2, 2003. Oxford: Updated Software.

51.Abdulwadud O, Abramson M, Forbes A, et al: Evaluation of a randomised controlled trial of adult asthma education in a hospital setting. Thorax 54:493-500, 1999.

52.Bailey WC. Richards JM, Manzella BA, et al: Promoting self management in adults with asthma: An overview of the UAB program. Health Educ Q 14:345-355, 1987.

53.Bailey WC, Kohler CL, Richards JM, et al: Asthma self-management (through patient education). Arch Intern Med 59:2422-2428, 1999.

54.Berg J, Dunbar-Jacob J, Serelka SM: An evaluation of a self-management program for adults with asthma. Clin Nurs Res 6:225-238, 1997.

55.Blixen CE, Hammel JP, Murphy D, et al: Feasibility of a nurse-run asthma education program for urban African-Americans: A pilot study. J Asthma 38:23-32, 2001.

56.Brewin AM, Hughes JA: Effect of patient education on asthma management. Br J Nurs 4:81-101, 1995.

57.Gallefoss F, Bakke PS: How does patient education and self-management among asthmatics and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease affect medication? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 160:2000-2005, 1999.

58.Ghosh CS, Ravindran P, Joshi M, et al: Reductions in hospital use from self-management training for chronic asthmatics. Soc Sci Med 46:1087-1093, 1998.

59.Grampian Asthma Study of Integrated Care (GRASSIC): Effectiveness of routine self monitoring of peak flow in patients with asthma. BMJ 308:564-567, 1994.

60.Hayward SA, Jorden M, Golden G, et al: A randomized controlled evaluation of asthma self management in general practice. Asthma Gen Pract 4:11, 1996.

61.Heard AR, Richards D, Alpers JH, et al: Randomized controlled trial of general practice based asthma clinics. Med J Aust 171:68-71, 1999.

62.Knoell DL, Pierson JF, Marsh CB, et al: Measurement of outcomes in adults receiving pharmaceutical care in a comprehensive asthma outpatient clinic. Pharmacotherapy 18:365-374, 1998.

63.Kotses H, Bernstein IL, Bernstein DI, et al: A self-management program for adult asthma. Part I. Development and evaluation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 95:529-540, 1995.

64.Kotses H, Stout C, McConnaughy K, et al: Evaluation of individualized asthma self-management programs. J Asthma 33:113-118, 1996.

65.Levy ML, Robb M, Allen J, et al: A randomized controlled evaluation of specialist nurse education following accident and emergency attendance for acute asthma. Respir Med 94:900-908, 2000.

66.Moudgil H, Marshall T, Honeybourne D: Asthma education and quality of life in the community: A randomised controlled study to evaluate the impact on white European and Indian subcontinent ethnic groups from socioeconomically deprived areas in Birmingham, UK. Thorax 55:177-183, 2000.

67.Mulloy E, Donaghy D, Quigley C, et al: A one-year prospective audit of an asthma education programme in an out-patient setting. Ir Med J 89:226-228, 1996.

68.Neri M, Migllori GB, Spanevello A, et al: Economic analysis of two structured treatment and teaching programs on asthma. Allergy 51:313-319, 1996.

69.Schott-Baer D, Christensen M: Research for practice: A pilot programme to increase self-care of adult asthma patients. Med Surg Nurs 8:78-83, 1999.

70.Shields MC, Griffin KW, McNabb WL: The effect of a patient education program on emergency room use for inner-city children with asthma. Am J Public Health 80:36-38, 1990.

71.Snyder S, Winder JA, Creer TL: Development and evaluation of an adult asthma self-management program: Wheelers anonymous. J Asthma 11:39-43, 1987.

72.Sommaruga M, Spanevello A, Migliori GB, et al: The effects of a cognitive behavioral intervention in asthmatic patients. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 50:398-402, 1995.

73.De Oliveira MA, Faresin SM, Bruno VF, et al: Evaluation of an educational programme for socially deprived asthma patients. Eur Respir J 14:908-914, 1999.

74.Thoonen BPA, Schermer TRJ, van den Boom G, et al: Self-management of asthma in general practice, asthma control and quality of life: A randomized controlled trial. Thorax 58:30-36, 2003.

75.Cote J, Bowie DM, Robichaud P, et al: Evaluation of two different educational interventions for adult patients consulting with an acute asthma exacerbation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 163:1415-1419, 2001.

76.Toelle BG, Peat JK, Salome CM, et al: Evaluation of a community-based asthma management program in a population sample of school children. Med J Aust 158:742-746, 1993.

77. Janson SL, Fahy JV, Covington JK, et al: Effects of individual self-management education on clinical, biological and adherence outcomes in asthma. Am J Med 115:620-626, 2003.

78.Charlton I, Charlton G, Broomfield J, Mullee MA: Evaluation of peak flow and symptoms only self-management plans for control of asthma in general practice. BMJ 301:1355-1359, 1990.

79.Turner MO, Taylor D, Bennett R, Fitzgerald JM: A randomized trial comparing peak expiratory flow and symptom self-management plans for patients with asthma attending a primary care clinic. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 157:540-546, 1998.

80.Lopez-Vina A, del Castillo-Arevalo F: Influence of peak expiratory flow monitoring on an asthma self-management education programme. Respir Med 94:760-766, 2000.

81.Adams RJ, Boath K, Homan S, et al: A randomized trial of peak-flow and symptom-based plans in adults with moderate-to-severe asthma. Respirology 6:297-304, 2001.

82.Verschelden P, Cartier A, L'Acheveque J, et al: Compliance with and accuracy of daily self-assessment of peak expiratory flows (PEF) in asthmatic subjects over a three month period. Eur Respir J 9:880-885, 1996.

83.Cote J, Carier A, Malo JL, et al: Compliance with peak expiratory flow monitoring in home management of asthma. Chest 113:968-972, 1998.

84.Kamps AW, Roorda RJ, Brand PL: Peak flow diaries in childhood asthma are unreliable. Thorax 56:180-182, 2001.

85.Reddel HK, Toelle BG, Marks GB, et al: Analysis of adherence to peak flow monitoring when recording of data is electronic. BMJ 324:146-147, 2002.

86.Chowienczyk PJ, Parkin ED, Lawson CP, et al: Do asthmatic patients correctly record home spirometry measurements? BMJ 309:1618, 1994.

87.Teeter JG, Bleecker ER: Relationship between airway obstruction and respiratory symptoms in adult asthmatics. Chest 113:272-277, 1998.

88.Rubinfeld AR, Pain MC: Perception of asthma. Lancet 1:882-884, 1976.

89.Burdon JG, Juniper EF, Kilhan KJ: The perception of breathlessness in asthma. Am Rev Respir Dis 126:825-828, 1982.

90.Kikuchi Y, Okabe S, Tamura G: Chemosensitivity and perception of dyspnoea in patients with a history of near-fatal asthma. N Engl J Med 330:329-334, 1994.

91.Gibson PG, Wang PJO, Hepperle MJG, et al: A research method to induce and examine a mild exacerbation of asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 22:525-532, 1992.

92.Chan-Yeung M, Chang JH, Manfreda J, et al: Changes in peak flow, symptom score, and the use of medications during acute exacerbations of asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 154:889-893, 1996.

93.Wagner EH: The role of patient care teams in chronic disease management. BMJ 320:569-571, 2000. Griffiths C, Foster G, Barnes N, et al: Specialist nurse intervention to reduce unscheduled asthma care in a deprived multiethnic area: the east London randomized controlled trial for high risk asthma (ELECTRA). BMJ 328:144, 2004.

94.Powell H, Gibson PG: Options for self-management education for adults with asthma (Cochrane Review). In The Cochrane Library, Issue 2. Oxford: Update Software, 2003.

95.Ayres JG, Campbell LM: A controlled assessment of an asthma self-management plan involving a budesonide dose regimen. Eur Respir J 9:886-892, 1996.

96.Klein JJ, van der Palen J, Uil SM, et al: Benefit from the inclusion of self-treatment guidelines to a self-management program for adults with asthma. Eur Respir J 17:386-394, 2001.

97.Baldwin DR, Pathak UA, King R, et al: Outcome of asthmatics attending asthma clinics utilizing self-management plans in general practice. Asthma Gen Pract 5:31-32, 1997.

98.Белевский А.С., Булкина Л.С., Княжеская Н.П., Чучалин А.Г. Организация и проведение занятий в Астма - школе. Методические рекомендации МЗ и МП РФ 93/96., М., 1996. - 24 с.

99.Коровина О.В., Собченко С.А. Принципы организации индивидуализированного лечения больных бронхиальной астмой. / Тер. Архив. - 1991. - Т. 63, 12. - с. 120.

100.Williams MV, Baker DW, Honig EG, et al: Inadequate literacy is a barrier to asthma knowledge and self-care. Chest 114:1008-1015, 1998.

101.Bernard-Bonnin A, Stachenko S. Bonin D, et al: Self-management teaching programs and morbidity of pediatric asthma: A meta-analysis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 95:34-41, 1995.

102.Madge P, McColl J, Paton J: Impact of nurse-led home management training programme in children admitted to hospital with acute asthma: A randomised controlled study. Thorax 52:223-228, 1997.

103.Gibson PG, Talbot PI, Hancock J, et al: A prospective audit of asthma management following emergency asthma treatment at a teaching hospital. Med J Aust 158:775-778, 1993.

104.Ordonez GA, Phelan PD, Olinsky A, et al: Preventable factors in hospital admission for asthma. Arch Dis Child 78:143-147, 1998.

105.Haby MM, Waters E, Robertson CF, et al: Interventions for educating children who have attended the emergency room for asthma (Cochrane Review). In The Cochrane Library, Issue 3. Oxford: Update Software, 2003.

106.Alexander JS, Younger RE, Cohen RM, Crawford LV: Effectiveness of a nurse-managed program for children with chronic asthma. J Pediatr Nurs 3:312-317, 1988.

107.Wolf FM, Guevara JP, Grum CM, et al: Educational interventions for asthma in children (Cochrane Review). In The Cochrane Library, Issue 2. Oxford: Update Software, 2003.

108.Christiansen SC, Martin SB, Schleicher NC, et al: Evaluation of a school-based asthma education program for inner-city children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 100:613-617, 1997.

109.Bartholomew LK, Gold RS, Parcel GS, et al: Watch, discover, think, and act: Evaluation of computer-assisted instruction to improve asthma self-management in inner-city children. Patient Educ Couns 39:269-280, 2000.

110.Homer C, Susskind O, Alpert HR, et al: An evaluation of an innovative multimedia educational software program for asthma management: Report of a randomized, controlled trial. Pediatrics 106:210-215, 2000.

111.Yawn BP, Algatt-Bergstrom PJ, Yawn RA, et al: An in-school CD-ROM asthma education program. J School Health 70:153-159, 2000.

112.Krishna S, Francisco BK, Balas A, et al: Internet-enabled interactive multimedia asthma education program: A randomized trial. Pediatrics 111:503-510, 2003. Shames RS, Sharek P, Mayer M, et al: Effectiveness of a multicomponent self-management program in at-risk school-aged children with asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 92:611-618, 2004.

113.Mannino DM, Homa DM, Akinbami LG, et al: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease surveillance-United States, 1971-2000. Respir Care 47:1184-1199, 2000.

114.Monninkhof EM, van der Valk PDLPM, van der Palen J, et al: Self-management education for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Cochrane Review). In The Cochrane Library, Issue 2. Oxford: Update Software, 2003.

115.Blake RL Jr, Vandiver TA, Braun S, et al: A randomized controlled evaluation of a psychosocial intervention in adults with chronic lung disease. Fam Med 22:365-370, 1990.

116.Cockcroft A, Bagnall P, Heslop A, et al: Controlled trial of respiratory health worker visiting patients with chronic respiratory disability. BMJ 294:225-228, 1987.

117.Emery CF, Schein RL, Hauck ER, et al: Psychological and cognitive outcomes of a randomized trial of exercise among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Health Psychol 17:232-240, 1998.

118.Gallefoss R: The effects of patient education in COPD in a 1-year follow-up randomized, controlled trial. Patient Educ Couns 52:259-266, 2004.

119.Gallefoss F, Bakke PS: Impact of patient education and self-management on morbidity in asthmatics and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Med 94:279-287, 2000.

120.Gourley GA, Portner TS, Gourley DR, et al: Humanistic outcomes in the hypertension and COPD arms of a multi-center outcomes study. J Am Pharm Assoc 38:586-597, 1998.

121.Howland J, Nelson EC, Barlow PB, et al: Chronic obstructive airway disease: Impact of health education. Chest 90:233-238, 1986.

122.Littlejohns P, Baveystock CM, Parnell H, et al: Randomised controlled trial of the effectiveness of a respiratory health worker in reducing impairment, disability, and handicap due to chronic airflow limitation. Thorax 46:559-564, 1991.

123.Sassi-Dambron DE, Eakin EG, Ries AL, et al: Treatment of dyspnea in COPD: A controlled clinical trial of dyspnea management strategies. Chest 107:724-729, 1995.

124.Solomon DK, Portner TS, Bass GE, et al: Clinical and economic outcomes in the hypertension and COPD arms of a multicenter outcomes study. J Am Pharm Assoc 38:574-585, 1998.

125.Watson PB, Town GI, Holbrook N, et al: Evaluation of a self-management plan for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J 10:1267-1271, 1997.

126.Семенюк С.А., Белевский А.С., Мещерякова Н.Н. Эффективность обучения больных ХОБЛ. / Пульмонология. 2007, 3.

127.Parcel GS, Swank PR, Mariotto MJ, et al: Self-management of cystic fibrosis: A structural model for educational and behavioral variables. Soc Sci Med 38:1307-1315, 1995.

128.Bartholomew LK, Czyzewski DI, Parcel GS, et al: Self-management of cystic fribrosis: Short-term outcomes of the Cystic Fibrosis Family Education Program. Health Educ Behav 24:652-666, 1997.

129.Mannino D, Homa D, Pertowski C, et al: Surveillance for asthma-United States, 1960-1995. MMWR Morb Mortality Wkly Rep 47:1-28, 1998.

130.Griffith SA: A review of the factors associated with patient compliance and the taking of prescribed medicines. Br J Gen Pract 40:114-116, 1990.

131.Bosley CM, Fosbury JA, Cochrane GM: The psychological factors associated with poor compliance with treatment in asthma. Eur Respir J 8:899-904, 1995.

132.Cochrane GM: Compliance and outcomes in patients with asthma. Drugs 52:453-457, 1996.

133.Apter AJ, Reisine ST, Affleck G, et al: Adherence with twice-daily dosing of inhaled steroids: Socioeconomic and health-belief differences. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 157:1810-1817, 1998.

134.DiMatteo MR, Lepper HS, Croghan TW: Depression is a risk factor for noncompliance with medical treatment: Meta-analysis of the effects of anxiety and depression on patient adherence. Arch Intern Med 160:2101-2107, 2000.

135.Lacasse Y, Rousseau L, Maltais F: Prevalence of depressive symptoms and depression in patients with severe oxygen-dependent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Cardiopulm Rehabil 21:80-86, 2001.

136.Cole SA, Christensen JF, Raju MA, et al: Depression. In Feldman MD, Christensen JF (eds): Behavioral Medicine in Primary Care. Stamford, CT: Appleton & Lange, 1997.

137.Williams MV, Baker DW, Honig EG, et al: Inadequate literacy is a barrier to asthma knowledge and self-care. Chest 114:1008-1015, 1998.

138.Sackett E, Snow JC: The magnitude of compliance and noncompliance. In Sacket E, Hayes RB, Taylor DW (eds): Compliance in Health Care. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 1995.

139.Simmons MS, Nides MA, Rand CS, et al: Trends in compliance with bronchodilator inhaler use between follow-up visits in a clinical trial. Chest 109:963-968, 1996.

140.Coutts JA, Gibson NA, Paton JY: Measuring compliance with inhaled medication in asthma. Arch Dis Child 67:332-333, 1992.

141.Eisen SA, Miller DK, Woodward RS, et al: The effect of prescribed daily dose frequency on patient medication compliance. Arch Intern Med 150:1881-1884, 1990.

142.Mann M, Eliasson O, Patel K, et al: A comparison of the effects of bid and qid dosing on compliance with inhaled flunisolide. Chest 101:496-499, 1992.

143.Bender B, Milgrom H, Rand C, et al: Psychological factors associated with medication nonadherence in asthmatic children. J Asthma 35:347-353, 1998.

144.Apter AJ, Boston RC, George M, et al: Modifiable barriers to adherence to inhaled steroids among adults with asthma: It's not just black and white. J Allergy Clin Immunol 111:1219-1226, 2003.

145.Legorreta AP, Christian-Herman J, O'Connor RD, et al: Compliance with national asthma management guidelines and specialty care: A health maintenance organization experience. Arch Intern Med 58:457-464, 1998.

146.Nides MA, Tashkin DP, Simmons MS, et al: Improving inhaler adherence in a clinical trial through the use of the nebulizer chronology. Chest 104:501-507, 1993.

147.Haynes R, McDonald H, Garg AX, et al: Interventions for helping patients follow prescriptions for medication (Cochrane Review). In The Cochrane Library, Issue 1. Oxford: Update Software, 2003.

148.Van Es SM, Colland VT, Nagelkerke AF, et al: An intervention programme using the ASE-model aimed at enhancing adherence in adolescents with asthma. Patient Educ Couns 44:193-203, 2001.

149.Bailey WC, Kohler CL, Richards JM, et al: Asthma self-management (through patient education). Arch Intern Med 59:2422-2428, 1999.

150.Devine EC, Pearcy J: Meta-analysis of the effects of psychoeducational care in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Patient Educ Couns 29:167-178, 1996.

151.Kaplan SH, Gandek B, Greenfield S, et al: Patient and visit characteristics related to physicians' participatory decision-making style: Results from the Medical Outcomes Study. Med Care 33:1176-1187, 1995.

 

ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ

 

Нервная система (systema nervosum) является одной из интеграционных систем, обеспечивающих регуляцию целостного организма. Этот механизм осуществляется совокупностью реакций нервной системы, направленных на обеспечение оптимального уровня жизнедеятельности, поддержание гомеостаза и взаимодействия организма с окружающей средой, создание интелектуального потенциала.

При изучении анатомии нервной системы важно получить представление о точной локализации отдельных структурных образований, так как эти знания являются основой топической диагностики при заболеваниях нервной системы.

Всякий организм – одноклеточный или многоклеточный – может существовать в определенных условиях, предоставляемых ему той средой обитания, к которой данный вид приспособился на пути своего развития. Функции организма могут нормально осуществляться лишь при условии адекватного взаимодействия живых структур различного уровня сложности, начиная от одноклеточных и вплоть до целого организма, с постоянно меняющимися условиями внешней и внутренней среды. Для этих целей в каждом живом организме сформировалась сложная система саморегуляции функций, обеспечивающая как сохранение его устойчивости, так и приспособительную изменчивость – адаптацию к различным условиям обитания.

Существует несколько уровней (контуров) регуляции: внутриклеточный, межклеточный, внутриорганный, внутри- и межсистемный. Между этими контурами отмечается тесное взаимодействие, в основе которого лежит иерархия каждого из них (подчинение нижележащих вышележащим). Все уровни регуляции базируются на двух механизмах: гуморальном (более древнем) и нервном (эволюционно более молодом).

На основе существующего с начала XIX столетия разделения функций организма на анимальные (соматические) и растительные (вегетативные), нервную систему также делят на два отдела: соматический и вегетативный.

Соматическая (анимальная) нервная система обеспечивает двигательные реакции скелетной мускулатуры и восприятие рздражений из внешней среды.

Вегетативная (автономная) нервная система иннервирует гладкую мускулатуру всех органов, сердце и железистый эпителий, обеспечивает трофическую иннервацию скелетной мускулатуры, рецепторов и самой нервной системы, отвечает за нервную регуляцию внутренней среды организма. В сравнении с анимальной, имеющей относительно ограниченную область распространиения (исчерченные мышцы и органы чувств), вегетативная нервная система повсеместно распространена в организме, обеспечивая адаптационно-трофическую функцию.

В основе данного учебного пособия лежит краткое обобщенное описание анатомии центральных и периферических отделов нервной системы, с привлечением современных сведений о функциональном значении каждой структуры, что обеспечит студентам более полное усвоение теоретического материала. В пособии также представлены разделы фило- и онтогенеза, возрастных особенностей, вариантов и аномалий развития различных отделов как анимальной, так и вегетативной нервной системы, что в дальнейшем, при изучении клинических дисциплин, позволит студентам более глубоко изучать вопросы патогенеза различных заболеваний. В таком же аспекте в пособии освещены вопросы анатомии органов чувств, что объясняется общностью развития и тесным взаимодействием этих двух систем. Отдельный раздел издания составляют частные вопросы кровоснабжения, венозного и лимфатического оттока, иннервации отдельных органов, поданых по топографическому принципу.

Для организации самостоятельной работы студентов мы подаем рабочую программу третьего модуля, задания для индивидуальной работы, интеграционные схемы. Проконтроллировать уровень усвоения материала помогут вопросы итогового контроля и набор ситуационных задач из базы данных «КРОК-1».

Авторы надеются на реальную пользу для студентов и преподавателей от работы с оригинальным пособием по важнейшей интеграционной системе организма и будут благодарны за высказанные замечания, дополнения, пожелания.

 

Профессор В.С. Пикалюк.

 


I. рабочая программа третьего модуля

(Анатомия нервной системы и органов чувств)

 

 

тематический план лекций

 

Тема 16. Введение в неврологию. Спинной мозг.

Тема 17. Обзор головного мозга. Ствол головного мозга, мозжечок. Ретикулярная формация.

Тема 18. Конечный мозг. Динамическая локализация функций в коре полушарий. Оболочки мозга. Пути циркуляции спинномозговой жидкости. Лимбическая система.

Тема 19. Проводящие пути головного и спинного мозга.

Тема 20. Функциональная анатомия органов чувств. Проводящие пути специальной чувствительности.

Тема 21. Функциональная анатомия периферического отдела соматической нервной системы. Спинномозговые нервы.

Тема 22. Черепные нервы.

Тема 23. Обзор автономной (вегетативной) нервной системы.

Тема 24. Вегетативная иннервация органов.

Тема 25. Анатомо-топографические принципы кровоснабжения и иннервации организма человека.

 

 

тематический план практических занятий

Смысловой модуль 13. Введение в неврологию. Анатомия спинного мозга

Тема 1. Анатомия спинного мозга. Оболочки спинного мозга, межоболочечные пространства.

 


Дата добавления: 2015-01-18 | Просмотры: 962 | Нарушение авторских прав



1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 | 58 | 59 | 60 | 61 | 62 | 63 | 64 | 65 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 69 | 70 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 74 | 75 | 76 | 77 | 78 | 79 | 80 | 81 | 82 | 83 | 84 | 85 | 86 | 87 | 88 | 89 | 90 | 91 | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 100 | 101 | 102 | 103 | 104 | 105 | 106 | 107 | 108 | 109 | 110 | 111 | 112 | 113 | 114 | 115 | 116 | 117 | 118 | 119 | 120 | 121 | 122 | 123 | 124 | 125 | 126 | 127 | 128 | 129 | 130 | 131 | 132 | 133 | 134 | 135 | 136 | 137 | 138 | 139 | 140 | 141 | 142 | 143 | 144 | 145 | 146 | 147 | 148 | 149 | 150 | 151 | 152 | 153 | 154 | 155 |



При использовании материала ссылка на сайт medlec.org обязательна! (0.039 сек.)