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Placenta Previa

*placenta previa:

.Causes painless vaginal bleeding

.Vaginal examination is contraindicated

.Is managed by caesarian section if covering the cervical os

.Predisposes to postpartum hemorrhage

*associated with placenta previa:

.Sudden onset of fresh bleeding

.Abnormal presentation

.Unengaged head

.Soft abdomen

Abruptio Placenta

*Abruptio placenta:

.It is a premature separation of normally implanted placenta

.The uterus is tender

.In severe cases a central venous pressure line should be inserted

.The management of choice is termination of pregnancy

*Abruptio placenta can be secondary to:

.Hypertensive disorders

.Following delivery of first twin

.In severe car accident

.External cephalic version

* In abruptio placenta,may occur:

.Shock

.Vaginal bleeding

.Convulsions

.Fetal distress

*The most common complication of abruptio placenta is (Post partum hemorrhage PPH)

*Complications of placental abruption:

.Renal cortical necrosis

.Afibrinogenemia

.DIC (Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy)

.Intrauterine growth retardation

*The most consistent factor predisposing to abruption placenta is (Maternal hypertension)

*Treatment for severe placental abruption at term with 3cm dilated cervix is (Urgent CS)

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