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DISEASE CONTROL AND ERADICATION

1. Methods of disease control and eradication have been successful in various countries. In the US the test-and-slaughter technique, in which simple tests are used to confirm the existence of diseased animals that are then slaughtered, has been of great value in controlling infectious and hereditary diseases, including dourine, a venereal disease in horses, fowl plague, and foot-and-mouth disease in cattle and deer.

2. Many infectious diseases have been eradicated from Great Britain - sheep pox, rinderpest, pleuropneumonia, glanders, and rabies. Diseases eliminated from Australia by a combination of methods - control of agents that carry disease, the test-and-slaughter technique, the use of chemical agents, and, more recently, biological control - include hog cholera, rinderpest, scrapie, glanders, surra, rabies, and foot-and-mouth disease.

3. In biological control, enemies of the agents that transmit the disease, enemies of the reservoir host, or a specific parasite are introduced into the environment. If a natural enemy of the tsetse fly could be found, for example, African sleeping sickness in man and trypanosomiasis in cattle could be controlled in West Africa. Successful biological control of the European-rabbit population in Australia has been accomplished through the use of the myxomatosis virus, which is transmitted by mosquitoes and causes the formation of malignant tumours.

4. Disease control and elimination programs require many sophisticated techniques, in addition to diagnosis and the slaughter of affected animals. They include the control of insects known to transmit diseases; the cooperation of animal owners; the development through research of new diagnostic tests for use on large populations; the eradication of animal species from areas in which they are known to transmit disease; sterilization of strains of animals known to carry inheritable metabolic diseases; and effective meat inspection.

(Encyclopedia Britannica) Определите, является ли утверждение:

Malignant tumours are usually spread by mosquitoes.

Варианты ответов:

1. ложным

2. в тексте нет информации

3. истинным

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