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CONTROL QUESTIONS AND TASKS. 1. In what type of hypoxia is a saturation of arterial blood with oxygen sharply changed?

1. In what type of hypoxia is a saturation of arterial blood with oxygen
sharply changed?

A. Circulatory

B. Anemic

C. Hypoxic

D. Tissue

2. What does an oxygen supply of tissues, chiefly, depend on?

A. Saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen

B. Oxygen capacity of blood

C. Oxygen tension in plasma

D. Oxygen content in blood

E. Blood flow velocity

3. What is the most reliable criterion of respiration efficiency?

A. Respiratory volume

B. Respiratory minute volume

C. Respiration rate

D. Volume of dead space

E. Pa0₂andPaC0₂

4. What preparations and factors increase a survival rate after hypoxemia?

A. Barbiturates

B. Ether

C. Hypothermia

D. Hyperthermia

5. Choose a method of treatment of apnea developed as a result of sharp
hypercapnia in patients with CNS depression:

A. Cytiton

B. Oxygen

C. Sodium hydrocarbonate

D. AAPV

6. Name the first sign of shock:

A. Decrease ofCVP

B. Decrease of cardiac output

C. Decrease of AP

D. Elevation ofCVP

7. What measures should be carried out immediately in tension
pneumothorax?

A. APV

B. Convert it into open pneumothorax

C. Convert it into closed pneumothorax

D. To intubate a patient

8. Name the basic signs of severe craniocerebral injury:

A. Loss of consciousness

B. Respiratory disorder

C. Elevated cerebrospinal fluid pressure

D. Decreased cerebrospinal fluid pressure

E. Bradycardia

9. Correlate weight, volume and percentage indices of the amount of blood
loss with corresponding degree of severity of hemorrhagic shock:

10. What of the following measures decrease the danger of development of
cardiac weakness in massive transfusions in the patients with multiple trauma?

A. Slow replenishment of blood loss

B. Application of only fresh blood

C. Transfusion of blood warmed up to 37? C

D. Simultaneous with hemotransfusion the infusion of 30-50 ml 4%
sodium hydrocarbonate solution per every 500 ml of blood

11. Treatment of oligo- or anuria in traumatic shock lies in:

A. Carrying out an adequate hydratation

B. Maintenance of normal electrolyte balance

C. Intravenous administration of mannitol

D. Transfusion of blood

12. Which of the enumerated values of shock index corresponds to the patient's condition in shock with AP, 70 mm Hg and pulse rate of 140 beats per min? What % of VCB loss does it approximately correspond to?

A. 0.8 a) 10-20%

B. 0.5 b) 21-30%
C 2.0 c) 31-40%

D. 1.0 d) 41-50%

E. 2.5 e)> 50%

13.What of the indicated changes are typical for stress reaction?

A. Retention of sodium and chlorine

B. Elevation of potassium release

C. Oliguria

D. Polyuria

E. Eosinophilia

F. Increase of corticosteroids level in blood

G. Leukocytosis

14. What changes advance in acute blood loss within a few minutes?

A. Bradycardia

B. Hypoventilation

C. Centralization of blood circulation

D. Tachycardia

E. Hyperventilation

15. What changes are marked in blood drawn from vein in 24-36 hours
after an acute blood loss?

A. Hemoconcentration with Ht increase

B. Hemodilution with Ht drop

C. Decrease ofHb level

D. Elevation ofHb level

E. Increase of the number of erythrocytes in 1 mm³

F. Decrease of the number of erythrocytes in 1 mm³

16. Severity of the patient's condition in blood loss depends on:

A. Rate of VCB decrease

B. Capacity of blood bed

C. Fibrinogen concentration in blood

D. Initial state of the organism

17. What pathological processes may increase bleeding during or after the
operation?

A. Disturbance of fibrinogen formation in the liver

B. Increased fibrinogen consumption conditioned by DIC

C. Degradation of fibrinogen with fibrinolytic and proteolytic
enzymes circulating in blood

D. Premature ablatio placentae

E. Expressed aortic stenosis

18. Plasma substitutes exert their effect by means of:

A. Elevation of hydrostatic pressure

B. Increase of extracellular fluid migration into a vascular bed

C. Neutralization of globulin having a high molecular mass

D. Elevation of oncotic pressure

19. In order to decrease a permeability of vascular walls one should
prescribe:

A. Antihistaminic agents

B. Corticosteroids

C. Vasopressors

D. Ganglioblockers

20. Pulse pressure in expressed vascular collapse:

A. Increases

B. Decreases and later increases

C. Decreases

D. Remains unchanged

21. What should be applied in hemotransfusion to maintain coagulative
properties of blood?

A. Warmed blood

B. Calcium gluconate

C. Oxygen therapy

D. Two weeks old blood

E. Fresh blood

22. Application of washed off erythrocytes instead of the whole blood:

A. Prevents a superfluous administration ofNa⁺

B. Increases a content of all formed elements in blood

C. Increases a safety of transfusion as a result of removal of harmful
factors of isoagglutination

D. Advantageous owing to a 50% extension of storage life of
erythrocytes compared with the whole blood.

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