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Difference of electrolyte level
As it was said above, plasma contains 310 meq/1, interstitial fluid — 290 meq/1 and cellular fluid — 340 meq/1 of electrolytes. It would seem normal that water must leave the interstitial space for spaces with increased ionization up to the isotonicity of all three sections. In this case the equilibrium of water and electrolytes in all three sections would prove to be static that would be equivalent to the organism's death. This does not occur, since water bound by lectrolytes in exactly defined proportion to maintain electric neutrality, also preserves its constant volume in each section. A consumption of water constantly keeps up the inflow of water and electrolytes in different concentrations that leads to the increase or decrease of electrolyte content in the interstitial space. The increase of electrolyte content in IS removes water from the cells and a cellular dehydration develops that causes thirst and leads to a compensation of water by its consumption, establishing so a convergent flow: cells — interstitial space, vessels — interstitial space — cells. In osmotic hypotonia in the interstitial space water rapidly leaves IS for cells. A sudden cellular saturation causes nausea, vomiting and increase of diuresis. In this case a divergent flow develops: interstice — cells, interstice — vessels and its excretion through the kidneys. Thus, an osmotic pressure in IS steps forward as one of the main factors of water circulation between sections. An exchange of electrolytes between sections does not occur without water. Ions do not pass separately, but only in the form of electrically neutral dissolved molecules. But in great losses of potassium in the organism sodium replaces it in the cells, in order to compensate an osmotic deficit. But Na+ does not take part in the exchange energy processes and the latter cease in the cells. Hence, the conclusion: Na+ transfer into the cells is toxic. This harmful event got the name of transmineralization and indicates that ions may be replaced from the osmotic, electric point of view, but not a biochemical one. Дата добавления: 2015-02-05 | Просмотры: 701 | Нарушение авторских прав |