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Experiments in space

Austronaut Leroy Chiao gives cosmonaut Salizhan Sharipov an ultrasound

“The technology came from an experiment made on board the International Space Station,” U.S. astronaut Leroy Chiao said. Chiao and his crewmate, Russian cosmonaut Salizhan Sharipov, conducted what NASA called an “advanced diagnostic ultrasound in microgravity” on expedition 10 to the space station, which took place in 2004 and 2005. Epiphan Systems provided the equipment to capture, convert to digital format, compress, and send to Earth images from the ultrasound machine’s display, all in real time. The diagnoses made from the extraterrestrial ultrasounds were supervised on the ground by Scott Dulchavsky, head of surgery at Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit.

New telemedical technology has been tested not only in space, but on ships on the open ocean and in the Himalayas. Yevgeny Flerov, head of the Moscow-based Telemedicine Laboratory at the Russian Academy of Sciences, said that it is possible to send mega-highdefinition images, such as optically converted high-resolution X-rays, right to a computer monitor in a doctor’s office, just using the Internet.

“You open the image, log in to Skype, and you can discuss the capture with your patient or fellow doctor, who may be in another hemisphere,” he said.

Already ‘indispensable’

Laser technology in a Smolensk plant

The Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, the size of France and with a population of 20 million, has demonstrated this with the “Health at Home” project, which studied the cardiac health of residents of 675 villages and cities using telemedicine. Echocardiograms from around the state were sent to the university medical center in the capital, Belo Horizonte, on the Internet.

“The experiment cost no more than $200 per village,” the RAS’s Telemedicine Lab web site said, pointing out that the entire state had already been connected to the Internet, so the infrastructure to conduct the study had been in place before the project.

Flerov told The Moscow News that modern medicine is already unthinkable without telemedicine.

“It has become as indispensable as a PC in your office,” he said. “But the question is, what quality of images we are talking about.”

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