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Economy

"Pharmpiracy" cites a WHO estimate of counterfeit medicines having as high as a 25 percent share of international turnover, approximately $75 billion annually. The Council of Europe, meanwhile, reports global sales of €57 billion ($76.3 billion at current exchange rates) in 2010, a doubling over the previous five years. In 2009, it said, 69 percent of items seized in postal shipments were medicines.

In Russia, taking the Economic Development Ministry's figure of 10 percent of pharmaceutical turnover as counterfeit, "Pharmpiracy" values it at $2.5 billion in 2012, which matches the amount from the budget the government spends on drugs purchases.

The Internet can also contribute to ancillary crimes, in particular identity theft and credit card fraud, according to Interpol. Furthermore, the use of the network allows fraudsters to act more anonymously. Interpol cautions that if a website selling cheap pharmaceuticals does not include a physical address for the company, it could be a sign of fraudulent activity.

In Russia, legal proscriptions are uncoordinated, the report says. Only 1,000 to 1,500 individuals or corporations have been charged in the past decade with pharmaceutical piracy, and only 4 million to 5 million rubles worth of goods have been seized annually.

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