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The primary symptoms of respiratory disease are breathlessness, chest pain, wheeze, cough and associated sputum production.

30. Experts don't know the causes of all types of lung disease, but they do know the causes of some. These include:

• Smoking.
• Radon.
• Asbestos.
• Air pollution.

(bacteria, viruses, and fungi).

What is pulmonary emphysema? What can it result from?

Pulmonary emphysema is a chronic lung disease in which the normal lung structure, break down allowing air into areas, from which it is normally excluded. Emphysema is often seen at an advanced stage of chronic bronchitis.

Early symptoms of pulmonary emphysema may include:

· shortness of breath

· cough

Other symptoms may include:

· fatigue

· anxiety

· sleep problems

· heart problems

· weight loss

· depression

o
diagnosis

o spirometry –

peak flow monitoring (PFM) -

· blood tests –

· chest x-ray –

· sputum

· electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) -

Treatment may include:

· quitting smoking - the single most important factor for maintaining healthy lungs

· antibiotics for bacterial infections

· bronchodilators and other inhaled medications

· exercise - including breathing exercises to strengthen the muscles used in breathing as part of a pulmonary rehabilitation program to condition the rest of the body

· oxygen supplementation from portable containers

· lung reduction surgery to remove damaged area of the lung

· lung transplantation

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