АкушерствоАнатомияАнестезиологияВакцинопрофилактикаВалеологияВетеринарияГигиенаЗаболеванияИммунологияКардиологияНеврологияНефрологияОнкологияОториноларингологияОфтальмологияПаразитологияПедиатрияПервая помощьПсихиатрияПульмонологияРеанимацияРевматологияСтоматологияТерапияТоксикологияТравматологияУрологияФармакологияФармацевтикаФизиотерапияФтизиатрияХирургияЭндокринологияЭпидемиология

Reading

Read the text and answer the question “Why is oral health so important and essential to general health and well-being?”

Oral diseases are progressive and cumulative, and become more complex over time. They can effect our ability to eat, the food we choose, how we look, and the way we communicate. These disease s can effect economic productivity and compromise our ability to work at home, at school or on the job. Health disparities exist across population groups at all ages. Over one third of U. S. population (100 million people) has no access to community water fluoridation. Over 108 million children and adults lack dental insurance, which is over 2.5 times the number who lack medical insurance.

Dental caries (tooth decay) is the single most common childhood disease – 5 times more common than asthma and 7 times more common then hay fever. Over 50 percent of 5- to 9-year-old children have at least one cavity or filling, and that proportion increases to 78 percent among 17-year-olds.

There are striking disparities in dental disease by income. Poor children suffer twice as much dental caries as their more affluent peers (более финансово благополучные ровесники), and their disease is more likely to be untreated. Professional care is necessary for maintaining oral health, yet 25% of poor children have not seen a dentist before entering kindergarten. The social impact of oral diseases in children is substantial. More than 51 million school hours are lost each year to dental-related illnesses. Poor children suffer nearly 12 times more restricted-activity days than children from higher-income families. Pain and suffering due to untreated diseases can lead to problems in eating, speaking and attending to learning.

(Source: US Department of Health and Human Services. (2000). Oral health in America: A report of the Surgeon General-Executive summary)

Read the text again and explain the numbers:

100 million –

108 million –

50% -

78% -

25% -

51 million –

True/ False. Correct the false statements.

1. Oral diseases become simpler over time.

2. Health disparities exist across population groups at all ages.

3. Over 108 mln children and adults have dental insurance.

4. Dental caries is very rare among children.

5. There are striking disparities in dental disease by income.

6. The social impact of oral diseases in children is minor.

7. Pain and suffering due to untreated diseases can lead to different problems.

Дата добавления: 2015-02-05 | Просмотры: 576 | Нарушение авторских прав