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Exersises. I. Practise the following for pronunciation:
I. Practise the following for pronunciation: hazardous, injury, inhale, exposure, unconsciousness, concern, porous, concrete, conduit, poisonous, retreat, eventually II. Read the international words: gas, produce, product, mix, absorb, result, discomfort, deficiency, exposure, period, carbon monoxide, concentration, minute, respiratory, system, content, normal, human, muscular, control, generate, apparatus, pressure, area, block, porous, pass, electrical, differential, mixture, visible, problem, form, chemicals
III. Read and translate the pairs of nouns and verbs: heat – to heat, flame – to flame, cause – to cause, fire – to fire, air – to air, result – to result, minute – to minute, drop – to drop, level – to level, control – to control, concern – to concern, flow – to flow, crack – to crack, size – to size, force to force, smoke – to smoke, add –to add, form – to form, water – to water, discomfort – to discomfort, retreat – to retreat.
IV. Give three forms of the verbs: depend, be, mix, inhale, work, drop, reduce, result, generate, flow, know, carry, occur, force, wear, provide, add, burn, irritate.
V. Read and translate words of the same root: produce – production – product – producer – productible, depend – dependence – dependent – independence – independent, mix – mixer – mixed, inhale – inhalation – inhaler, work – worker – working, reduce – reduction, differ – difference – different – differentiate – differentiation, pass – passage – passing – passerby, irritate – irritation – irritative, extend – extended – extension – extensive.
VI. Put the adjectives in the comparative and superlative degrees: serious, hazardous, dangerous, normal, equal, high, low, available, rare, great, visible, poisonous, short.
VII. Choose the translation of the underlined words: flame 1. аромат 2. вспышка 3. пламя
pressure 1. предотвращение 2. давление 3. предписание
passage 1. проход 2. прошлое 3. модель
wear 1. ослаблять 2. носить 3. утомляться ______________________________________________________________ inhale 1. быть присущим 2. вдыхать 3. населять
provide 1. обеспечивать 2. доказывать 3. побуждать
available 1. средний 2. имеющийся в распоряжении, доступный 3. предотвратимый
concrete 1. заключительный 2. обусловленный 3. бетонный
eventual 1. богатый событиями 2. конечный 3. одинаковый видимость 1. visitation 2. vision 3. visibility
пар, испарение 1. vanity 2. vapour 3. variety
кислота 1. ache 2. access 3. acid
зависеть 1. depart 2. depend 3. deport
производить 1. produce 2. profit 3. prohibit
сокращать 1. receive 2. recover 3. reduce
взрывчатый 1. explosive 2. explicit 3. explanatory
протяженный 1. extended 2. exterior 3. expressive
редкий 1. rapid 2. rare 3. rash VIII. Arrange the synonyms in pairs: a) concern, be made of, hazardous, burning, drop, must, enter, deficiency, about, occur, add, mainly, reduce, carry, area, cause. b) reason, should, space, deficit, consist of, cut down, anxiety, fall, chiefly, go in, happen, supplement, approximately, dangerous, transfer, combustion.
IX. Match the antonyms in pairs: a) complete, hazardous, inhale, consciousness, a few, drop, normal, reduce, usual, above, equal, enter, difference, high, rare, available, large, visible, comfort, short, burned, flammable. b) unconsciousness, seldom, below, widen, abnormal, raise, unusual, unequal, non-flammable, safe, incomplete, many, breathe out, low, go out, small, long, indifference, unavailable, invisible, discomfort, unburned.
X. Read and translate the noun groups: carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, oxygen deficiency, oxygen content, concrete block wall, pressure differential, fire area, gas passage. XI. Find the proper word and translate the sentences: 1. Burns can be caused by …….. contact with flames direct – direction – directly. 2. Heat, smoke and gas can …….. without visible flames develop – development – developing – developed 3. Iron and steel are not considered to be …….. combustion – combustible – combustibility. 4. Fires are divided … to the type of combustible substance accord-accordance-according. 5. The …….. temperature of wood depends on many factors ignite – ignition – igniter. XII. Read and translate the text “The Hazardous Products of Combustion” XIII. Fill in the blanks with one of the following words: discomfort, injuries, unburned, through, flow, hazardous, death, difference, unconsiousness, visibility, smoke. 1. Each of combustion products can cause serious ……. or death. 2. The most …… gases are carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. 3. Exposure to 1,3% concentration of carbon monoxide will cause …….. in a few minutes. 4. ……. usually results from oxygen concentration below 10%. 5. Gas passage from one room to another depends upon …….. in pressure. 6. The air and gas …….. from the high pressure area to the low pressure area. 7. Another dangerous gas passage is …….. electrical conduit. 8. ……. is a visible product of fire. 9. It is made up of carbon and other ……. substances. 10. Smoke greatly reduces …….. in and above the fire area. 11. Breathing smoke can cause great ……. for a fireman. XIV. Match the nouns from the right column with the adjectives from the left column in accordance with the text: porous discomfort complete opening muscular product great conduit normal cases visible system serious substances electrical concern suspended injuries respiratory period fresh passage available level explosive air high combustion equal time extended concentrations hazardous particles short mixture unburned control low gases dangerous pressure rare block
XV. Put general questions to the following sentences: 1. Each of combustion products can cause serious injuries or death. 2. The most hazardous gases are carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. 3. Exposure to 1,3% concentration of carbon monoxide will cause death in a few minutes. 4. Carbon dioxide works on the respiratory system. 5. Anyone entering a fire must wear breathing apparatus. 6. The air and gas flow through any available opening. 7. Gas is known to pass through a keyhole, cracks, etc. 8. Smoke is a visible fire product. 9. Smoke greatly reduces visibility in and above the fire area. 10. Firemen who do not wear breathing apparatus in the fire area should go out to fresh air.
XVI. Choose the proper variant: 1. The most hazardous gas is: a) carbon dioxide b) carbon monoxide 2. Carbon dioxide works on: a) respiratory system b) human eyesight 3. The air and gas flow from a) the low pressure area to the high pressure area b) the high pressure area to the low pressure area 4. Smoke adds to the problem of a) breathing b) heat attack 5. Firemen who do not wear breathing apparatus in the fire should a) continue firefighting b) eventually go out to fresh air
XVII. Answer the following questions: 1. What does fire produce? 2. What gases are the most hazardous? 3. When do unconsciousness usually take place? 4. Where can the conduit carry gas? 5. What is smoke made up of? 6. Where does smoke usually reduce the visibility? 7. What can the breathing of smoke concentrations cause?
XVIII. Find in the text sentences describing: 1. carbon monoxide 2. carbon dioxide 3. gas passage from one room to another 4. gas passage through electrical conduit 5. smoke as a product of fire 6. reduction visibility by smoke 7. great discomfort to a fireman because of fire 8. the necessity to wear breathing apparatus XIX. Find in text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations: опасные продукты, серьезные решения, главным образом, углекислый газ, угарный газ, более опасен, бессознательное состояние, вдыхать, через несколько минут, система дыхания, содержание кислорода, ниже 100С, следовательно, одевать дыхательный аппарат, область высокого давления, тяга, отверстие, бетонная стена, электрическая трубка, в редких случаях, взрывчатая смесь, дым, видимый, состоит из, в подвешенном состоянии, ядовитый, в течение короткого периода времени, со временем, свежий воздух.
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