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Classification of muscles by the development

• Autochthonous or proper muscles (mm. intercostales, erector spine, abdominal …)

• Truncifugal muscles (mm. trapezium, serratus anterior, romboideus …)

• Truncipetal muscles (mm. pectorales minor, major, latissimus dorsi, psoas major)

• Muscles developing from myotoms of the head (muscles of eye, tongue)

• Muscles developing from pharyngeal arches

Classification of muscles by the function

· Flexors

· Extensors

· Adductors

· Abductors

· Rotators

(supinators, pronators)

· Sphincters

· Dilatators

· Elevators

· Depressors

· Uniarticular

· Biarticular

Classification of muscles by the role in movements

• Basic (they supply the movement)

• Auxiliary (they fix, models, supplement movements)

• Synergists (carry out the same movements)

• Antagonists (carry out the opposite movements)

Types of muscles

1.Striated muscles {cardiac The cardiac muscle by the structure is looking as striated muscle, but by the function it belongs to smooth one. It contracts rhythmically,involuntary

It is supplied by the VNS

2. skeletal Skeletal (somatic) muscles, or voluntary musculature:

Supplied by somatic (animal) department of CNS

Arises and attaches to bones

3.Smooth muscles Are supplied by VNS Contract slowly Develop big force Works long and rhythmically

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