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Arteries of arm and forearm. Topography, projection, branches, supply regions. Blood supply of elbow joint-Axillary artery: In human anatomy, the axillary artery is a large blood vessel that conveys oxygenated blood to the lateral aspect of the thorax, the axilla (armpit) and the upper limb. Its origin is at the lateral margin of the first rib, before which it is called the subclavian artery. -Brachial artery: The brachial artery is the major blood vessel of the arm. Begins at the distal border of the tendon of teres major; Ends about 1 cm distal to the elbow joint by dividing into radial and ulnar arteries. Branches: o Profunda brachii artery o Nutrient artery of humerus o Superior ulnar collateral artery o Middle ulnar collateral artery (if present) o Inferior ulnar collateral artery o Muscular branches - Radial artery: In human anatomy, the radial artery is the main artery of the lateral aspect of the forearm. Begins from the brachial artery near the neck of the radius. Passes deep to brachioradialis. At the wrist it passes in the anatomical snuff box. Ends in the hand by anastomosis with the deep branch of the ulnar artery,completing the deep palmar arch. Branches: o Radial recurrent artery o Muscular branches o Cutaneous branches -Ulnar artery: The ulnar artery is the main blood vessel, with oxygenated blood, of the medial aspect of the forearm. Begins from the brachial artery near the neck of the radius; Passes deep to pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis; The ulnar head of pronator teres separates it from the median nerve. Ends in the hand by anastomosis with the superficial palmar branch of the radial artery, completing the superficial palmar arch. Branches: o Anterior ulnar recurrent artery o Posterior ulnar recurrent artery o Common interosseous artery, o Muscular branches
The arteries supplying the joint are derived from an extensive circulatory anastomosis between the brachial artery and its terminal branches. The superior and inferior ulnar collateral branches of the brachial artery and the radial and middle collateral branches of the profunda brachii artery descend from above to reconnect on the joint capsule, where they also connect with the anterior and posterior ulnar recurrent branches of the ulnar artery; the radial recurrent branch of the radial artery; and the interosseous recurrent branch of the common interosseous artery.
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