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Air Defense Materiel and Communications Means

To provide the necessary protective cover for the division, the Army has developed a spectrum of wpns designed to engage enemy aircraft at all altitudes.

Short range air defense wpns are employed in support of maneuver forces. They defend personnel and assets against attack of enemy aerial platforms. They are also employed in rear areas to defend air bases, forces, key installations, and other vital assets. SHORAD systems include a lot of weapons; one of them is Stinger.

Stinger's primary roleisto provide Air Defense for forward combat elements against aerial platforms.Stinger defends HIMAD, high-priority maneuver units, and high-priority critical assets such as command posts, trains, ASP and POL.Stinger complement other ADA systems when priorities and the situation permit.

The Stinger Man Portable Air Defense System is a man-portable, shoulder-fired, self-contained, close-in air defense weapon. Stinger is an infrared or (IR/NUV) seeking, fire-and-forget weapon, allowing the gunner to engage another target or take cover immediately after launch.It requires no control from the gunner after firing. Operations at night or in bad weather are restricted by the gunner's ability to see and identify the target.

The Stinger weapon system is composed of four basic items: weapon round, IFF subsystem, shipping and storage containers, and harness.

Patriot is an AD GM sys designed to cope with the AD threat beyond the year 2000. The Patriot sys is capable of defending assets and areas in support of Army field forces against multiple hostile TBMs and acrft in an ECM environment (jamming and deception).The threat characteristically employs def suppression tactics using TBMs, saturation, maneuver, and ECM. Patriot is effective against aircraft at all altitudes and against several types of TBMs using automated operations with capability for human intervention.

The single, multifunction phased-array radar performs the following functions that required separate radars in older systems: high- and low-altitude surveillance; target tracking; missile tracking; missile guidance;

The missile is command-guided by the radar to a point just prior to intercept.At this point, the TVM guidance modebegins.The radar set sends out a special waveform that illuminates the target and sends an uplink message that commands the missile to open its receiver for detection of reflected TVM waveform energy fromthe target.The missile encodes and sends boresight errors via downlink messages back to the radar. Guidance computations are then made by the ECS and are sent back through the radar to the missile, via uplink messages. This process continues until intercept, providing a greater accuracy than other types of guidance systems.

The Patriot system provides a coordinated, secure, integrated, battalion-level, and mobile AD system.

The Patriot PAC-3 is intended as a last-ditch "lower tier" defense against incoming missiles at an altitude of 12.5 miles or less.

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