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Staffs and Staff Papers
Command is the authority that an immediate superior lawfully exercises over subordinates by virtue of rank or assignment. Command includes planning, organization, mission, coordination instructions, and control of the unit to accomplish assigned missions. It also includes the responsibility for health, welfare, morale, training, and discipline of the soldiers. The final decision and responsibility remain with the commander. The commander discharges his responsibilities through an established chain of command. When the commander assigns a mission to a subordinate, he also delegates the necessary authority and provides him with the instructing guidanceto accomplish the mission.
Staff
The staff assists the commander in decision making by acquiring and analysing information. The commander specifically delegates authority to the staff or particular staff ranking officers. The general staff is organized specifically to be a single, cohesive unit and consists of G1, G2, G3, G4, G5 sections. All staff members must know not only their own functions and roles, but also the functions of the other staff members. The staff establishes and maintains a high degree of coordination with staffs of higher,lower, and adjacent units. The staff supports the commander in the exercise of command and helps him to support subordinate commanders in the execution of their mission. The staff continuously provides information to the commander, sometimes before and sometimes after the information has been analyzed. This information is not necessarily provided to make an immediate decision, but to keep the commander abreast of the situation. This is critical during the battle. The staff must continuously feed the commander the information on the progress of the battle.
The commander and his staff make estimates that apply to any operational situation and all levels of command. They use estimates to look at possible solutions to specific operational missions and requirements. These estimates can form the cornerstone for staff annexes to orders and plans. Types of estimates generally include, but are not limited to: the commander’s estimate, operations estimate, personnel estimate, intelligence estimate, logistics estimate, civil-military operations estimate, signal estimate, special staff estimates. Normally, commanders and staffs do not produce written estimates. Units normally do staff estimates by exception, graphically representing data and statistics on charts to assist the commander in decision making.
The staff prepares and issues plans and orders to carry out the commander’s decisions, coordinating all necessary details. The commander may delegate authority to staff officers to issue plans and orders without his personal approval. A single staff officer is assigned the responsibility for preparing and publishing a plan or order. Other staff officers prepare elements of the plan or order in their areas of interest.
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