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Theme: Translation, Genetic Code

2. Object: Form students’ knowledge of molecular mechanisms of protein biosynthesis in prokaryotes and its role in providing and maintenance of viability of cells and organisms.

3. Educational Tasks:

- to study molecular mechanisms of protein biosynthesis in prokaryotes;

- to study stages of main structures of ferments taking part in translation of their role in providing protein biosynthesis;

- to study the essence and features of genetic code and its significance in the process of gene translation.

4. Principal Questions of the Theme:

4.1. Translation, definition, stages

4.2. Genetic code, definition, characteristics

4.3. Ribosomes, structure, functions

4.4. Structure of t-RNA molecule

4.5. Characteristic of initiation stages, elongation and termination of translation in prokaryotes

4.6. Peculiarities of protein biosynthesis in prokaryotes

5. Methods of Teaching: interrogation aimed at clarification of students’ understanding of the essence, object, and objectives of the lesson; ability to briefly, clearly, logically recount and ability of draw the learnt material in the form of schemes, diagrams, drawings; testing with subsequent discussion of errors; work in group: explanation and demonstration of problem solution, filling-in schemes.

6. Literature:

Basic:

6.1. Genetics. Under redaction of Ivanov V.I.M., 2006, p.54

6.2. Ginter Y.K. Medical Genetics. M.,2003, pp.35-46, 1994, pp.253-267, 287-301

6.3. Muminov T.A., Kuanndykov Y.U. Fundamentals of Molecular Biology (Course of Lectures). Almaty, 2007, pp.64-82

6.4. Mushkambrov N.N., Kusnetsov S.L. Molecular Biology. M., 2003, pp. 149-217

6.5. Medical Biology and Genetics. Study guide under redaction of Prof. Kuandykov Y.U. Almaty, 2004, pp. 29-41

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